12. Saccasaṃyuttaṃ

1. Samādhivaggo

1. Samādhisuttaṃ

1071. Sāvatthinidānaṃ . ‘‘Samādhiṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha. Samāhito, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Samādhiṃ, bhikkhave, bhāvetha. Samāhito, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Paṭisallānasuttaṃ

1072. ‘‘Paṭisallāne, bhikkhave, yogamāpajjatha. Paṭisallīno, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Kiñca yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Paṭisallāne , bhikkhave, yogamāpajjatha. Paṭisallīno, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Paṭhamakulaputtasuttaṃ

1073. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃsu, sabbe te catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajissanti, sabbe te catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajanti, sabbe te catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya.

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajiṃsu…pe… pabbajissanti…pe… pabbajanti, sabbe te imesaṃyeva catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Dutiyakulaputtasuttaṃ

1074. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamesuṃ, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamesuṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamessanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamessanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamenti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamenti.

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ kulaputtā sammā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajitā yathābhūtaṃ abhisamesuṃ …pe… abhisamessanti…pe… abhisamenti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisamenti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Paṭhamasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ



真实相应
定品
1. 定经
舍卫城缘起。"诸比丘,你们应当修习定。诸比丘,入定的比丘如实了知。他如实了知什么?如实了知'这是苦',如实了知'这是苦集',如实了知'这是苦灭',如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。诸比丘,你们应当修习定。诸比丘,入定的比丘如实了知。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦',应当致力于'这是苦集',应当致力于'这是苦灭',应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第一
2. 独处经
"诸比丘,你们应当致力于独处。诸比丘,独处的比丘如实了知。他如实了知什么?如实了知'这是苦',如实了知'这是苦集',如实了知'这是苦灭',如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。诸比丘,你们应当致力于独处。诸比丘,独处的比丘如实了知。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦',应当致力于'这是苦集',应当致力于'这是苦灭',应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第二
3. 第一善男子经
"诸比丘,过去时凡有善男子正确地从家出家而成为无家者,他们全都是为了如实证悟四圣谛。诸比丘,未来时凡有善男子将正确地从家出家而成为无家者,他们全都是为了如实证悟四圣谛。诸比丘,现在凡有善男子正确地从家出家而成为无家者,他们全都是为了如实证悟四圣谛。"
"是哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,过去时凡有善男子正确地从家出家而成为无家者......将出家......正在出家,他们全都是为了如实证悟这四圣谛。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦',应当致力于'这是苦集',应当致力于'这是苦灭',应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第三
4. 第二善男子经
"诸比丘,过去时凡有善男子正确地从家出家而成为无家者如实证悟,他们全都如实证悟四圣谛。诸比丘,未来时凡有善男子将正确地从家出家而成为无家者如实证悟,他们全都将如实证悟四圣谛。诸比丘,现在凡有善男子正确地从家出家而成为无家者如实证悟,他们全都如实证悟四圣谛。"
"是哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,过去时凡有善男子正确地从家出家而成为无家者如实证悟......将证悟......正在证悟,他们全都如实证悟这四圣谛。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第四
5. 第一沙门婆罗门经

1075. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhiṃsu, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhiṃsu. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhissanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhissanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhanti.

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhiṃsu…pe… abhisambojjhissanti…pe… abhisambojjhanti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambojjhanti.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dutiyasamaṇabrāhmaṇasuttaṃ

1076. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsesuṃ, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsesuṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsessanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsessanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsenti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsenti.

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsesuṃ…pe… pakāsessanti…pe… pakāsenti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhaṃ pakāsenti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Vitakkasuttaṃ

1077. ‘‘Mā, bhikkhave, pāpake akusale vitakke vitakkeyyātha [vitakketha (sī. syā. kaṃ.)], seyyathidaṃ – kāmavitakkaṃ, byāpādavitakkaṃ, vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nete, bhikkhave, vitakkā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattanti.

‘‘Vitakkentā ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti vitakkeyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti vitakkeyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti vitakkeyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti vitakkeyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Ete, bhikkhave, vitakkā atthasaṃhitā ete ādibrahmacariyakā ete nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattanti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Cintasuttaṃ

1078. ‘‘Mā, bhikkhave, pāpakaṃ akusalaṃ cittaṃ cinteyyātha [cintetha (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] – ‘sassato loko’ti vā ‘asassato loko’ti vā, ‘antavā loko’ti vā ‘anantavā loko’ti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’nti vā ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Cintentā ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti cinteyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti cinteyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti cinteyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti cinteyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Esā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā, esā ādibrahmacariyakā, esā nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Viggāhikakathāsuttaṃ



"诸比丘,过去时凡有沙门或婆罗门如实觉悟,他们全都如实觉悟四圣谛。诸比丘,未来时凡有沙门或婆罗门将如实觉悟,他们全都将如实觉悟四圣谛。诸比丘,现在凡有沙门或婆罗门如实觉悟,他们全都如实觉悟四圣谛。"
"是哪四种?苦圣谛......趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,过去时凡有沙门或婆罗门如实觉悟......将觉悟......正在觉悟,他们全都如实觉悟这四圣谛。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第五
6. 第二沙门婆罗门经
"诸比丘,过去时凡有沙门或婆罗门宣说如实觉悟,他们全都宣说如实觉悟四圣谛。诸比丘,未来时凡有沙门或婆罗门将宣说如实觉悟,他们全都将宣说如实觉悟四圣谛。诸比丘,现在凡有沙门或婆罗门宣说如实觉悟,他们全都宣说如实觉悟四圣谛。"
"是哪四种?苦圣谛......趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,过去时凡有沙门或婆罗门宣说如实觉悟......将宣说......正在宣说,他们全都宣说如实觉悟这四圣谛。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第六
7. 寻经
"诸比丘,你们不要寻思恶不善寻,即:欲寻、嗔寻、害寻。为什么呢?诸比丘,这些寻不利益,不是梵行之始,不导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"诸比丘,当你们寻思时,应当寻思'这是苦',应当寻思'这是苦集',应当寻思'这是苦灭',应当寻思'这是趣向苦灭之道'。为什么呢?诸比丘,这些寻有利益,是梵行之始,导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第七
8. 思经
"诸比丘,你们不要思考恶不善之心:'世界是常'或'世界是无常','世界有边'或'世界无边','命即是身'或'命异身异','如来死后存在'或'如来死后不存在','如来死后亦存在亦不存在'或'如来死后非存在非不存在'。为什么呢?诸比丘,这种思考不利益,不是梵行之始,不导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"诸比丘,当你们思考时,应当思考'这是苦',应当思考'这是苦集',应当思考'这是苦灭',应当思考'这是趣向苦灭之道'。为什么呢?诸比丘,这种思考有利益,是梵行之始,导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第八
9. 诤论经

1079. ‘‘Mā , bhikkhave, viggāhikakathaṃ katheyyātha [kathetha (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] – ‘na tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāsi, ahaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānāmi. Kiṃ tvaṃ imaṃ dhammavinayaṃ ājānissasi! Micchāpaṭipanno tvamasi, ahamasmi sammāpaṭipanno. Sahitaṃ me, asahitaṃ te. Purevacanīyaṃ pacchā avaca, pacchāvacanīyaṃ pure avaca. Adhiciṇṇaṃ [aciṇṇaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] te viparāvattaṃ. Āropito te vādo, cara vādappamokkhāya. Niggahitosi, nibbeṭhehi vā sace pahosī’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, kathā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Kathentā ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti katheyyātha , ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti katheyyātha…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Tiracchānakathāsuttaṃ

1080. ‘‘Mā , bhikkhave, anekavihitaṃ tiracchānakathaṃ katheyyātha, seyyathidaṃ – rājakathaṃ corakathaṃ mahāmattakathaṃ senākathaṃ, bhayakathaṃ yuddhakathaṃ, annakathaṃ pānakathaṃ vatthakathaṃ sayanakathaṃ mālākathaṃ gandhakathaṃ, ñātikathaṃ yānakathaṃ gāmakathaṃ nigamakathaṃ nagarakathaṃ janapadakathaṃ itthikathaṃ [itthikathaṃ purisakathaṃ (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] sūrakathaṃ visikhākathaṃ kumbhaṭṭhānakathaṃ, pubbapetakathaṃ nānattakathaṃ, lokakkhāyikaṃ samuddakkhāyikaṃ itibhavābhavakathaṃ iti vā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, kathā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Kathentā ca kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti katheyyātha, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti katheyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Esā, bhikkhave, kathā atthasaṃhitā, esā ādibrahmacariyakā, esā nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Samādhivaggo paṭhamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Samādhi paṭisallānā, kulaputtā apare duve;

Samaṇabrāhmaṇā vitakkaṃ, cintā viggāhikā kathāti.

2. Dhammacakkappavattanavaggo

1. Dhammacakkappavattanasuttaṃ



"诸比丘,你们不要说诤论之语:'你不了解这法与律,我了解这法与律。你怎么能了解这法与律!你是邪行者,我是正行者。我的话有条理,你的话没有条理。应该先说的你后说,应该后说的你先说。你长期修习的已经颠倒了。你的论点被驳倒了,去寻求解脱吧。你已被击败,如果能够就辩解吧。'为什么呢?诸比丘,这种言论不利益,不是梵行之始,不导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"诸比丘,当你们说话时,应当说'这是苦',应当说'这是苦集',应当说'这是苦灭',应当说'这是趣向苦灭之道'......应当致力于。"第九
10. 畜生论经
"诸比丘,你们不要说各种畜生论,即:谈论国王、盗贼、大臣、军队、恐怖、战争、食物、饮料、衣服、卧具、花鬘、香料、亲属、车乘、村庄、市镇、城市、国土、女人、英雄、街道、井边、祖先、琐事、世界起源、海洋起源、有无等等。为什么呢?诸比丘,这种言论不利益,不是梵行之始,不导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"诸比丘,当你们说话时,应当说'这是苦',应当说'这是苦集',应当说'这是苦灭',应当说'这是趣向苦灭之道'。为什么呢?诸比丘,这种言论有利益,是梵行之始,导向厌离、离贪、灭尽、寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第十
定品第一
其摘要:
定与独处,善男子两经,
沙门婆罗门,寻思与诤论。
转法轮品
1. 转法轮经

1081. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bārāṇasiyaṃ viharati isipatane migadāye. Tatra kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘dveme, bhikkhave, antā pabbajitena na sevitabbā. Katame dve? Yo cāyaṃ kāmesu kāmasukhallikānuyogo hīno gammo pothujjaniko anariyo anatthasaṃhito, yo cāyaṃ attakilamathānuyogo dukkho anariyo anatthasaṃhito. Ete kho, bhikkhave, ubho ante anupagamma majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati’’.

‘‘Katamā ca sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi. Ayaṃ kho sā, bhikkhave, majjhimā paṭipadā tathāgatena abhisambuddhā cakkhukaraṇī ñāṇakaraṇī upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ – jātipi dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, byādhipi dukkho, maraṇampi dukkhaṃ, appiyehi sampayogo dukkho, piyehi vippayogo dukkho, yampicchaṃ na labhati tampi dukkhaṃ – saṃkhittena pañcupādānakkhandhā [pañcupādānakkhandhāpi (pī. ka.)] dukkhā. Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ – yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā [ponobhavikā (sī. pī.)] nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ [seyyathīdaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ – yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo. Idaṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi.

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyya’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññāta’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahātabba’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahīna’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabba’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikata’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabba’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvita’nti me, bhikkhave, pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘Yāvakīvañca me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṃ tiparivaṭṭaṃ dvādasākāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ na suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, neva tāvāhaṃ, bhikkhave , sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṃ [abhisambuddho paccaññāsiṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.)].


一时,世尊住在波罗奈(现在的瓦拉纳西)仙人堕处的鹿野苑。在那里,世尊对五比丘说:"诸比丘,有两个极端,出家人不应该实行。哪两个?一是在欲乐中追求欲乐之乐,这是低劣的、粗俗的、凡夫的、非圣的、无益的;二是自我折磨,这是痛苦的、非圣的、无益的。诸比丘,如来避开这两个极端,证悟了中道,它能生眼、生智,导向寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"诸比丘,什么是如来所证悟的中道,能生眼、生智,导向寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃?就是这八支圣道,即:正见、正思惟、正语、正业、正命、正精进、正念、正定。诸比丘,这就是如来所证悟的中道,能生眼、生智,导向寂静、证智、正觉、涅槃。"
"诸比丘,这是苦圣谛:生是苦,老是苦,病是苦,死是苦,怨憎会是苦,爱别离是苦,所求不得也是苦,简言之,五取蕴是苦。诸比丘,这是苦集圣谛:就是这渴爱,它能带来再生,伴随喜贪,处处贪爱,即:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。诸比丘,这是苦灭圣谛:就是对这渴爱的无余离贪、灭尽、舍离、解脱、无执著。诸比丘,这是趣向苦灭之道圣谛:就是这八支圣道,即:正见......正定。"
"诸比丘,'这是苦圣谛',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这苦圣谛应当遍知',对于我,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这苦圣谛已遍知',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"
"诸比丘,'这是苦集圣谛',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这苦集圣谛应当断除',对于我,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这苦集圣谛已断除',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"
"诸比丘,'这是苦灭圣谛',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这苦灭圣谛应当证得',对于我,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这苦灭圣谛已证得',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"
"诸比丘,'这是趣向苦灭之道圣谛',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这趣向苦灭之道圣谛应当修习',对于我,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这趣向苦灭之道圣谛已修习',对于我,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"
"诸比丘,只要我对这四圣谛的如是三转十二行相的如实知见还不清净,我就不曾在有天、魔、梵的世界,在有沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生中,自称已证得无上正等正觉。"


‘‘Yato ca kho me, bhikkhave, imesu catūsu ariyasaccesu evaṃ tiparivaṭṭaṃ dvādasākāraṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇadassanaṃ suvisuddhaṃ ahosi, athāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya ‘anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddho’ti paccaññāsiṃ. Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṃ udapādi – ‘akuppā me vimutti [cetovimutti (sī. pī.)], ayamantimā jāti, natthidāni punabbhavo’’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.

Imasmiñca pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne āyasmato koṇḍaññassa virajaṃ vītamalaṃ dhammacakkhuṃ udapādi – ‘‘yaṃ kiñci samudayadhammaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ nirodhadhamma’’nti.

Pavattite ca pana bhagavatā dhammacakke bhummā devā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘‘etaṃ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti. Bhummānaṃ devānaṃ saddaṃ sutvā cātumahārājikā devā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘‘etaṃ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ, appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti. Cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ saddaṃ sutvā tāvatiṃsā devā…pe… yāmā devā…pe… tusitā devā…pe… nimmānaratī devā…pe… paranimmitavasavattī devā…pe… brahmakāyikā devā saddamanussāvesuṃ – ‘‘etaṃ bhagavatā bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ appaṭivattiyaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmi’’nti.

Itiha tena khaṇena (tena layena) [( ) natthi (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] tena muhuttena yāva brahmalokā saddo abbhuggacchi. Ayañca dasasahassilokadhātu saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi, appamāṇo ca uḷāro obhāso loke pāturahosi atikkamma devānaṃ devānubhāvanti.

Atha kho bhagavā imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi – ‘‘aññāsi vata, bho, koṇḍañño, aññāsi vata, bho, koṇḍañño’’ti! Iti hidaṃ āyasmato koṇḍaññassa ‘aññāsikoṇḍañño’ tveva nāmaṃ ahosīti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Tathāgatasuttaṃ



"诸比丘,当我对这四圣谛的如是三转十二行相的如实知见清净时,我才在有天、魔、梵的世界,在有沙门、婆罗门、天、人的众生中,自称已证得无上正等正觉。我生起了知见:'我的解脱不动摇,这是最后一生,不再有后有。'"世尊如是说。五比丘满意欢喜世尊所说。
当此解说被宣说时,尊者憍陈如生起了远尘离垢的法眼:"凡是集起之法,都是灭尽之法。"
当世尊转法轮时,地居天发出声音:"世尊在波罗奈(现在的瓦拉纳西)仙人堕处的鹿野苑转无上法轮,沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或世间任何人都不能逆转。"四大天王天听到地居天的声音后发出声音:"世尊在波罗奈仙人堕处的鹿野苑转无上法轮,沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或世间任何人都不能逆转。"三十三天......夜摩天......兜率天......化乐天......他化自在天......梵众天听到后也发出声音:"世尊在波罗奈仙人堕处的鹿野苑转无上法轮,沙门、婆罗门、天、魔、梵或世间任何人都不能逆转。"
就在那一刻、那一瞬间,声音传到梵界。这个一万世界震动、摇动、颤动,无量广大的光明出现于世间,超越诸天的天威。
那时,世尊发出这感兴语:"憍陈如确实已了知!憍陈如确实已了知!"因此,尊者憍陈如就有了"阿若憍陈如"这个名字。第一
2. 如来经

1082. ‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyya’nti bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pariññāta’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasacca’nti bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahātabba’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahīna’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabba’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe. … udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikata’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.

‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabba’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe…pe… udapādi. ‘Taṃ kho panidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvita’nti, bhikkhave, tathāgatānaṃ pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādī’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Khandhasuttaṃ

1083. ‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ [dukkhasamudayo ariyasaccaṃ dukkhanirodho ariyasaccaṃ (syā.)] dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? ‘Pañcupādānakkhandhā’ tissa vacanīyaṃ, seyyathidaṃ [katame pañca (sī. syā. kaṃ.)] – rūpupādānakkhandho…pe… viññāṇupādānakkhandho. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā. Idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Ajjhattikāyatanasuttaṃ



"诸比丘,'这是苦圣谛',对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这苦圣谛应当遍知',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这苦圣谛已遍知',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"
"诸比丘,'这是苦集圣谛',对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这苦集圣谛应当断除',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这苦集圣谛已断除',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"
"诸比丘,'这是苦灭圣谛',对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这苦灭圣谛应当证得',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这苦灭圣谛已证得',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"
"诸比丘,'这是趣向苦灭之道圣谛',对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。'这趣向苦灭之道圣谛应当修习',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中......光明生起。'这趣向苦灭之道圣谛已修习',诸比丘,对于诸如来,在前所未闻的法中,眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光明生起。"第二
3. 蕴经
"诸比丘,有四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是苦圣谛?应当说是'五取蕴',即:色取蕴......识取蕴。诸比丘,这称为苦圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是苦集圣谛?就是这渴爱,它能带来再生,伴随喜贪,处处贪爱,即:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。诸比丘,这称为苦集圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是苦灭圣谛?就是对这渴爱的无余离贪、灭尽、舍离、解脱、无执著。诸比丘,这称为苦灭圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是趣向苦灭之道圣谛?就是这八支圣道,即:正见......正定。诸比丘,这称为趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,这就是四圣谛。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第三
4. 内处经

1084. ‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? ‘Cha ajjhattikāni āyatanānī’ tissa vacanīyaṃ. Katamāni cha? Cakkhāyatanaṃ…pe… manāyatanaṃ – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yāyaṃ taṇhā ponobbhavikā nandirāgasahagatā tatratatrābhinandinī, seyyathidaṃ – kāmataṇhā, bhavataṇhā, vibhavataṇhā – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca , bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ? Yo tassāyeva taṇhāya asesavirāganirodho cāgo paṭinissaggo mutti anālayo – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ? Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo, seyyathidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi…pe… sammāsamādhi – idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Paṭhamadhāraṇasuttaṃ

1085. ‘‘Dhāretha no tumhe, bhikkhave, mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti? Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, bhante, dhāremi bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti. ‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi; dukkhasamudayaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā dutiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi; dukkhanirodhaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā tatiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi; dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, dhāremi bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti. Dukkhaṃ kho, bhikkhu, mayā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi; dukkhasamudayaṃ [dukkhasamudayo (syā. kaṃ.)] kho, bhikkhu, mayā dutiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi; dukkhanirodhaṃ [dukkhanirodho (syā. kaṃ.)] kho, bhikkhu, mayā tatiyaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi; dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā [dukkhanirodhagāminipaṭipadaṃ (pī.), dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ (ka.)] kho, bhikkhu, mayā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, dhārehi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dutiyadhāraṇasuttaṃ



"诸比丘,有四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是苦圣谛?应当说是'六内处'。哪六种?眼处......意处。诸比丘,这称为苦圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是苦集圣谛?就是这渴爱,它能带来再生,伴随喜贪,处处贪爱,即:欲爱、有爱、无有爱。诸比丘,这称为苦集圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是苦灭圣谛?就是对这渴爱的无余离贪、灭尽、舍离、解脱、无执著。诸比丘,这称为苦灭圣谛。"
"诸比丘,什么是趣向苦灭之道圣谛?就是这八支圣道,即:正见......正定。诸比丘,这称为趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,这就是四圣谛。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第四
5. 第一记持经
"诸比丘,你们记得我所教导的四圣谛吗?"当这样说时,一位比丘对世尊说:"尊者,我记得世尊所教导的四圣谛。""比丘,你是如何记得我所教导的四圣谛的?""尊者,我记得世尊教导的第一圣谛是苦;尊者,我记得世尊教导的第二圣谛是苦集;尊者,我记得世尊教导的第三圣谛是苦灭;尊者,我记得世尊教导的第四圣谛是趣向苦灭之道。尊者,我就是这样记得世尊所教导的四圣谛。"
"善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你很好地记得我所教导的四圣谛。比丘,我教导的第一圣谛是苦,你要这样记住;比丘,我教导的第二圣谛是苦集,你要这样记住;比丘,我教导的第三圣谛是苦灭,你要这样记住;比丘,我教导的第四圣谛是趣向苦灭之道,你要这样记住。比丘,你要这样记住我所教导的四圣谛。"
"因此,比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第五
6. 第二记持经

1086. ‘‘Dhāretha no tumhe, bhikkhave, mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti? Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘ahaṃ kho, bhante, dhāremi bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti.

‘‘Yathā kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti? ‘‘Dukkhaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi. Yo hi koci, bhante, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ. Ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Dukkhasamudayaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ dhāremi. Yo hi koci, bhante, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ. Ahametaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, dhāremi bhagavatā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānī’’ti.

‘‘Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Sādhu kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhāresi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti. Dukkhaṃ kho, bhikkhu, mayā paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi. Yo hi koci, bhikkhu, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ. Ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Dukkhasamudayaṃ kho, bhikkhu…pe… dukkhanirodhaṃ kho, bhikkhu…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā kho, bhikkhu, mayā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ desitaṃ, tathā naṃ dhārehi. Yo hi koci, bhikkhu, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya – ‘netaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ . Ahametaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ catutthaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Evaṃ kho tvaṃ, bhikkhu, dhārehi mayā cattāri ariyasaccāni desitānīti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Avijjāsuttaṃ

1087. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘avijjā, avijjā’ti bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, avijjā; kittāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, dukkhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe aññāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya aññāṇaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, avijjā; ettāvatā ca avijjāgato hotī’’ti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Vijjāsuttaṃ

1088. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘‘vijjā, vijjā’ti, bhante, vuccati. Katamā nu kho, bhante, vijjā; kittāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti? ‘‘Yaṃ kho, bhikkhu, dukkhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhasamudaye ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhe ñāṇaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ñāṇaṃ – ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhu, vijjā; ettāvatā ca vijjāgato hotī’’ti.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhu, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Saṅkāsanasuttaṃ



"诸比丘,你们记得我所教导的四圣谛吗?"当这样说时,一位比丘对世尊说:"尊者,我记得世尊所教导的四圣谛。"
"比丘,你是如何记得我所教导的四圣谛的?""尊者,我记得世尊教导的第一圣谛是苦。尊者,如果有任何沙门或婆罗门这样说:'这不是沙门乔达摩所教导的第一圣谛苦。我将舍弃这个苦的第一圣谛,另立一个苦的第一圣谛。'——这是不可能的。尊者,我记得世尊教导的......第四圣谛是趣向苦灭之道。尊者,如果有任何沙门或婆罗门这样说:'这不是沙门乔达摩所教导的第四圣谛趣向苦灭之道。我将舍弃这个趣向苦灭之道的第四圣谛,另立一个趣向苦灭之道的第四圣谛。'——这是不可能的。尊者,我就是这样记得世尊所教导的四圣谛。"
"善哉!善哉!比丘!比丘,你很好地记得我所教导的四圣谛。比丘,我教导的第一圣谛是苦,你要这样记住。比丘,如果有任何沙门或婆罗门这样说:'这不是沙门乔达摩所教导的第一圣谛苦。我将舍弃这个苦的第一圣谛,另立一个苦的第一圣谛。'——这是不可能的。比丘,......趣向苦灭之道是我教导的第四圣谛,你要这样记住。比丘,如果有任何沙门或婆罗门这样说:'这不是沙门乔达摩所教导的第四圣谛趣向苦灭之道。我将舍弃这个趣向苦灭之道的第四圣谛,另立一个趣向苦灭之道的第四圣谛。'——这是不可能的。比丘,你要这样记住我所教导的四圣谛。"
"因此,比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第六
7. 无明经
那位坐在一旁的比丘对世尊说:"尊者,人们说'无明,无明'。尊者,什么是无明?到什么程度称为陷入无明?"
"比丘,对苦的无知,对苦集的无知,对苦灭的无知,对趣向苦灭之道的无知——比丘,这称为无明;到这种程度称为陷入无明。"
"因此,比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第七
8. 明经
这时,一位比丘来到世尊处,礼敬世尊后,坐在一旁。坐在一旁的那位比丘对世尊说:"尊者,人们说'明,明'。尊者,什么是明?到什么程度称为获得明?"
"比丘,对苦的了知,对苦集的了知,对苦灭的了知,对趣向苦灭之道的了知——比丘,这称为明;到这种程度称为获得明。"
"因此,比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第八
9. 宣说经

1089. ‘‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti bhikkhave, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā vaṇṇā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā saṅkāsanā – ‘itipidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasacca’nti ; idaṃ dukkhasamudayaṃ…pe… idaṃ dukkhanirodhaṃ…pe… ‘idaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti, bhikkhave, mayā paññattaṃ. Tattha aparimāṇā vaṇṇā aparimāṇā byañjanā aparimāṇā saṅkāsanā – ‘itipidaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasacca’nti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Tathasuttaṃ

1090. ‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni. Katamāni cattāri? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ ; ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti tathametaṃ avitathametaṃ anaññathametaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Dhammacakkappavattanavaggo dutiyo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dhammacakkaṃ tathāgataṃ, khandhā āyatanena ca;

Dhāraṇā ca dve avijjā, vijjā saṅkāsanā tathāti.

3. Koṭigāmavaggo

1. Paṭhamakoṭigāmasuttaṃ

1091. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vajjīsu viharati koṭigāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘catunnaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasaccānaṃ ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca’’.

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa, bhikkhave, ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa ananubodhā appaṭivedhā evamidaṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ sandhāvitaṃ saṃsaritaṃ mamañceva tumhākañca. Tayidaṃ, bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ anubuddhaṃ paṭividdhaṃ; ucchinnā bhavataṇhā, khīṇā bhavanetti; natthidāni punabbhavo’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ, yathābhūtaṃ adassanā;

Saṃsitaṃ [saṃsaritaṃ (syā. kaṃ. ka.) dī. ni. 2.155] dīghamaddhānaṃ, tāsu tāsveva jātisu.

‘‘Tāni [yāni (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] etāni diṭṭhāni, bhavanetti samūhatā;

Ucchinnaṃ mūlaṃ dukkhassa, natthidāni punabbhavo’’ti. paṭhamaṃ;

2. Dutiyakoṭigāmasuttaṃ



"诸比丘,'这是苦圣谛'是我所宣说的。关于这一点,有无量的解释、无量的词句、无量的阐述——'这就是苦圣谛'。'这是苦集......这是苦灭......这是趣向苦灭之道圣谛'是我所宣说的。关于这一点,有无量的解释、无量的词句、无量的阐述——'这就是趣向苦灭之道圣谛'。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第九
10. 如实经
"诸比丘,有四种如实、不虚妄、不变异的事。哪四种?诸比丘,'这是苦',这是如实的、不虚妄的、不变异的;'这是苦集',这是如实的、不虚妄的、不变异的;'这是苦灭',这是如实的、不虚妄的、不变异的;'这是趣向苦灭之道',这是如实的、不虚妄的、不变异的。诸比丘,这就是四种如实、不虚妄、不变异的事。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第十
转法轮品第二
其摘要:
转法轮与如来,蕴与处,
两个记持,无明与明,宣说与如实。
3. 拘利村品
1. 第一拘利村经
一时,世尊住在跋耆国的拘利村。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:"诸比丘,由于未觉悟、未通达四圣谛,我和你们长久以来就这样流转轮回。"
"哪四种?诸比丘,由于未觉悟、未通达苦圣谛,我和你们长久以来就这样流转轮回。由于未觉悟、未通达苦集圣谛......苦灭圣谛......趣向苦灭之道圣谛,我和你们长久以来就这样流转轮回。诸比丘,现在这苦圣谛已觉悟、已通达,苦集圣谛已觉悟、已通达,苦灭圣谛已觉悟、已通达,趣向苦灭之道圣谛已觉悟、已通达;有爱已断,再有之因已尽,现在不再有后有。"
世尊说了这番话。说完后,善逝、导师又说了以下偈颂:
"由于未如实见四圣谛,
长久流转于种种生中。
现在已见到这些圣谛,
再有之因已被根除,
苦的根源已被切断,
现在不再有后有。"第一
2. 第二拘利村经

1092. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, na me te, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu vā samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu vā brāhmaṇasammatā, na ca panete āyasmanto sāmaññatthaṃ vā brahmaññatthaṃ vā diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharanti.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te kho me, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā samaṇesu ceva samaṇasammatā brāhmaṇesu ca brāhmaṇasammatā, te ca panāyasmanto sāmaññatthañca brahmaññatthañca diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharantī’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

‘‘Ye dukkhaṃ nappajānanti, atho dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṃ, asesaṃ uparujjhati.

‘‘Tañca maggaṃ na jānanti, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ;

Cetovimuttihīnā te, atho paññāvimuttiyā;

Abhabbā te antakiriyāya, te ve jātijarūpagā.

‘‘Ye ca dukkhaṃ pajānanti, atho dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṃ, asesaṃ uparujjhati.

‘‘Tañca maggaṃ pajānanti, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ;

Cetovimuttisampannā, atho paññāvimuttiyā;

Sabbā te antakiriyāya, na te jātijarūpagā’’ti. dutiyaṃ;

3. Sammāsambuddhasuttaṃ

1093. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisambuddhattā tathāgato ‘arahaṃ sammāsambuddho’ti vuccati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Arahantasuttaṃ

1094. Sāvatthinidānaṃ. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhiṃsu, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhiṃsu. Ye hi [yepi hi (bahūsu)] keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhissanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhissanti. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, etarahi arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhanti, sabbe te cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhanti.

‘‘Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Ye hi, keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ arahanto sammāsambuddhā yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhiṃsu…pe… abhisambujjhissanti…pe… abhisambujjhanti, sabbe te imāni cattāri ariyasaccāni yathābhūtaṃ abhisambujjhanti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Āsavakkhayasuttaṃ

1095. ‘‘Jānatohaṃ, bhikkhave, passato āsavānaṃ khayaṃ vadāmi, no ajānato apassato. Kiñca, bhikkhave, jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti jānato passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, jānato evaṃ passato āsavānaṃ khayo hoti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Mittasuttaṃ



"诸比丘,任何沙门或婆罗门如果不如实了知'这是苦',不如实了知'这是苦集',不如实了知'这是苦灭',不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',诸比丘,我不认为他们是沙门中的沙门或婆罗门中的婆罗门,这些尊者们也没有在现法中以自己的智慧证得、实现并安住于沙门果或婆罗门果。"
"诸比丘,任何沙门或婆罗门如果如实了知'这是苦',如实了知'这是苦集',如实了知'这是苦灭',如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',诸比丘,我认为他们是沙门中的沙门和婆罗门中的婆罗门,这些尊者们也在现法中以自己的智慧证得、实现并安住于沙门果和婆罗门果。"
世尊说了这番话。说完后,善逝、导师又说了以下偈颂:
"不了知苦及苦之生起,
以及苦完全灭尽之处,
不知趣向苦息灭之道,
他们缺乏心解脱和慧解脱,
不能终结轮回,必定再生老。
了知苦及苦之生起,
以及苦完全灭尽之处,
了知趣向苦息灭之道,
他们具足心解脱和慧解脱,
能够终结轮回,不再生老。"第二
3. 正等觉者经
舍卫城因缘。"诸比丘,有四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛......趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,这就是四圣谛。诸比丘,正因为如实觉悟了这四圣谛,如来被称为'阿罗汉、正等正觉者'。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第三
4. 阿罗汉经
舍卫城因缘。"诸比丘,过去时期的一切阿罗汉、正等正觉者如实觉悟的,都是如实觉悟这四圣谛。诸比丘,未来时期的一切阿罗汉、正等正觉者如实觉悟的,都将如实觉悟这四圣谛。诸比丘,现在的一切阿罗汉、正等正觉者如实觉悟的,都是如实觉悟这四圣谛。"
"哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭之道圣谛。诸比丘,过去时期的一切阿罗汉、正等正觉者如实觉悟的......将如实觉悟的......如实觉悟的,都是如实觉悟这四圣谛。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第四
5. 漏尽经
"诸比丘,我说知见者能漏尽,非不知不见者。诸比丘,什么是知见者的漏尽?诸比丘,知见'这是苦'者能漏尽,知见'这是苦集'者能漏尽,知见'这是苦灭'者能漏尽,知见'这是趣向苦灭之道'者能漏尽。诸比丘,这就是知见者的漏尽。"
"因此,诸比丘,应当致力于'这是苦'......应当致力于'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第五
6. 朋友经

1096. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anukampeyyātha, ye ca sotabbaṃ maññeyyuṃ – mittā vā amaccā vā ñātī vā sālohitā vā – te vo, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā.

‘‘Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa. Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anukampeyyātha, ye ca sotabbaṃ maññeyyuṃ – mittā vā amaccā vā ñātī vā sālohitā vā te vo, bhikkhave, imesaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya samādapetabbā nivesetabbā patiṭṭhāpetabbā.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Tathasuttaṃ

1097. ‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni tathāni avitathāni anaññathāni; tasmā ‘ariyasaccānī’ti vuccanti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Lokasuttaṃ

1098. ‘‘Cattārimāni, bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ. Sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya tathāgato ariyo; tasmā ‘ariyasaccānī’ti vuccanti’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Pariññeyyasuttaṃ

1099. ‘‘Cattārimāni , bhikkhave, ariyasaccāni. Katamāni cattāri? Dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ – imāni kho, bhikkhave, cattāri ariyasaccāni. Imesaṃ kho, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ atthi ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ pahātabbaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ, atthi ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabbaṃ.

‘‘Katamañca, bhikkhave, ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyaṃ? Dukkhaṃ, bhikkhave, ariyasaccaṃ pariññeyyaṃ, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ pahātabbaṃ, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ sacchikātabbaṃ, dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā ariyasaccaṃ bhāvetabbaṃ.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Gavampatisuttaṃ

1100. Ekaṃ samayaṃ sambahulā therā bhikkhū cetesu [cetiyesu (syā.)] viharanti sahañcanike [sahajaniye (sī. syā. kaṃ.)]. Tena kho pana samayena sambahulānaṃ therānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkantānaṃ maṇḍalamāḷe sannisinnānaṃ sannipatitānaṃ ayamantarākathā udapādi – ‘‘yo nu kho, āvuso, dukkhaṃ passati dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passatī’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte āyasmā gavampati thero [gavampatitthero (syā. kaṃ.)] bhikkhū etadavoca – ‘‘sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso, bhagavato sutaṃ, sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ – ‘yo , bhikkhave, dukkhaṃ passati dukkhasamudayampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passati. Yo dukkhasamudayaṃ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhanirodhampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passati. Yo dukkhanirodhaṃ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhasamudayampi passati, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadampi passati. Yo dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ passati dukkhampi so passati, dukkhasamudayampi passati, dukkhanirodhampi passatī’’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Koṭigāmavaggo tatiyo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Dve vajjī sammāsambuddho, arahaṃ āsavakkhayo;

Mittaṃ tathā ca loko ca, pariññeyyaṃ gavampatīti.

4. Sīsapāvanavaggo

1. Sīsapāvanasuttaṃ



以下是完整的简体中文直译:
1096. "诸比丘,凡是你们应当同情的人,以及你们认为应当听从的人 - 朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲 - 你们应当劝导他们、安置他们、建立他们,使他们如实通达四圣谛。
"哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭道圣谛。诸比丘,凡是你们应当同情的人,以及你们认为应当听从的人 - 朋友、同僚、亲戚或血亲 - 你们应当劝导他们、安置他们、建立他们,使他们如实通达这四圣谛。
"因此,诸比丘,应当努力修习'这是苦'……乃至……'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第六。
7. 如是经
1097. "诸比丘,有四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭道圣谛 - 诸比丘,这四圣谛是如实的、不虚妄的、不变异的;因此称为'圣谛'。
"因此,诸比丘,应当努力修习'这是苦'……乃至……'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第七。
8. 世间经
1098. "诸比丘,有四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭道圣谛。在天、魔、梵世界中,在沙门、婆罗门、天、人众中,如来是圣者;因此称为'圣谛'。
"因此,诸比丘,应当努力修习'这是苦'……乃至……'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第八。
9. 遍知经
1099. "诸比丘,有四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭道圣谛 - 诸比丘,这是四圣谛。诸比丘,在这四圣谛中,有应当遍知的圣谛,有应当断除的圣谛,有应当证悟的圣谛,有应当修习的圣谛。
"诸比丘,什么是应当遍知的圣谛?诸比丘,苦圣谛应当遍知,苦集圣谛应当断除,苦灭圣谛应当证悟,趣向苦灭道圣谛应当修习。
"因此,诸比丘,应当努力修习'这是苦'……乃至……'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"第九。
10. 牛主经
1100. 一时,众多上座比丘住在支提国沙汉加尼迦。当时,众多上座比丘在食后从乞食回来,集会坐在圆形讲堂中,生起了这样的谈论:"朋友们,见到苦的人也见到苦集,也见到苦灭,也见到趣向苦灭之道吗?"
当这样说时,尊者牛主上座对诸比丘如是说:"朋友们,我亲耳从世尊处听到,亲自领受:'诸比丘,见到苦的人也见到苦集,也见到苦灭,也见到趣向苦灭之道。见到苦集的人也见到苦,也见到苦灭,也见到趣向苦灭之道。见到苦灭的人也见到苦,也见到苦集,也见到趣向苦灭之道。见到趣向苦灭之道的人也见到苦,也见到苦集,也见到苦灭。'"第十。
拘利村品第三。
其摘要:
两个跋耆、正等觉、阿罗汉、漏尽、
朋友、如是、世间、遍知、牛主。
4. 尸舍婆林品
1. 尸舍婆林经

1101. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati sīsapāvane [siṃsapāvane (sī. pī.)]. Atha kho bhagavā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yāni vā mayā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahitāni yadidaṃ upari sīsapāvane’’ti? ‘‘Appamattakāni , bhante, bhagavatā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahitāni; atha kho etāneva bahutarāni yadidaṃ upari sīsapāvane’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, etadeva bahutaraṃ yaṃ vo mayā abhiññāya anakkhātaṃ. Kasmā cetaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā anakkhātaṃ? Na hetaṃ, bhikkhave, atthasaṃhitaṃ nādibrahmacariyakaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati; tasmā taṃ mayā anakkhātaṃ’’.

‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti mayā akkhātaṃ’’.

‘‘Kasmā cetaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ? Etañhi, bhikkhave, atthasaṃhitaṃ etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakaṃ etaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati; tasmā taṃ mayā akkhātaṃ .

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Khadirapattasuttaṃ

1102. ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ khadirapattānaṃ vā saralapattānaṃ [palāsapattānaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vā āmalakapattānaṃ vā puṭaṃ karitvā udakaṃ vā tālapattaṃ vā āharissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ padumapattānaṃ vā palāsapattānaṃ vā māluvapattānaṃ vā puṭaṃ karitvā udakaṃ vā tālapattaṃ vā āharissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca …pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Daṇḍasuttaṃ

1103. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, daṇḍo uparivehāsaṃ khitto sakimpi mūlena nipatati, sakimpi aggena nipatati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇā sattā taṇhāsaṃyojanā sandhāvantā saṃsarantā [taṇhāsaṃyojanabandhā sandhāvatā (ka.)] sakimpi asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ gacchanti, sakimpi parasmā lokā imaṃ lokaṃ āgacchanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Celasuttaṃ



1101. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosambiyaṃ viharati sīsapāvane [siṃsapāvane (sī. pī.)]. Atha kho bhagavā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yāni vā mayā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahitāni yadidaṃ upari sīsapāvane’’ti? ‘‘Appamattakāni , bhante, bhagavatā parittāni sīsapāpaṇṇāni pāṇinā gahitāni; atha kho etāneva bahutarāni yadidaṃ upari sīsapāvane’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, etadeva bahutaraṃ yaṃ vo mayā abhiññāya anakkhātaṃ. Kasmā cetaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā anakkhātaṃ? Na hetaṃ, bhikkhave, atthasaṃhitaṃ nādibrahmacariyakaṃ na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati; tasmā taṃ mayā anakkhātaṃ’’.

‘‘Kiñca, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ? ‘Idaṃ dukkha’nti, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti mayā akkhātaṃ, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti mayā akkhātaṃ’’.

‘‘Kasmā cetaṃ, bhikkhave, mayā akkhātaṃ? Etañhi, bhikkhave, atthasaṃhitaṃ etaṃ ādibrahmacariyakaṃ etaṃ nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati; tasmā taṃ mayā akkhātaṃ .

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Khadirapattasuttaṃ

1102. ‘‘Yo, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ khadirapattānaṃ vā saralapattānaṃ [palāsapattānaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)] vā āmalakapattānaṃ vā puṭaṃ karitvā udakaṃ vā tālapattaṃ vā āharissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhasamudayaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhanirodhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca, dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ padumapattānaṃ vā palāsapattānaṃ vā māluvapattānaṃ vā puṭaṃ karitvā udakaṃ vā tālapattaṃ vā āharissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca …pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Daṇḍasuttaṃ

1103. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, daṇḍo uparivehāsaṃ khitto sakimpi mūlena nipatati, sakimpi aggena nipatati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, avijjānīvaraṇā sattā taṇhāsaṃyojanā sandhāvantā saṃsarantā [taṇhāsaṃyojanabandhā sandhāvatā (ka.)] sakimpi asmā lokā paraṃ lokaṃ gacchanti, sakimpi parasmā lokā imaṃ lokaṃ āgacchanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Celasuttaṃ




1101. 有一次,世尊住在拘睒弥(Kosambi)的尸舍婆林中。那时,世尊用手抓起一些尸舍婆树叶,对比丘们说:"比丘们,你们认为哪个更多 - 我手中抓的这些尸舍婆树叶,还是上面尸舍婆林中的树叶?"
"世尊,世尊手中抓的尸舍婆树叶很少,而上面尸舍婆林中的树叶才是更多的。"
"同样的,比丘们,我以证知而未说的更多。为什么我未说那些?比丘们,因为那些不具意义,不是梵行的基础,不导向厌离、离欲、灭尽、寂静、证知、正觉、涅槃;所以我未说那些。"
"比丘们,我说了什么?我说了'这是苦',我说了'这是苦集',我说了'这是苦灭',我说了'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"
"为什么我说了这些?比丘们,因为这些具有意义,是梵行的基础,导向厌离、离欲、灭尽、寂静、证知、正觉、涅槃;所以我说了这些。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第一。
2. 刺树叶经
1102. "比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我未如实通达苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭之道圣谛,就能正确地灭苦' - 这是不可能的。"
"比丘们,就像有人说:'我要用刺树叶、沙罗树叶或阿摩勒树叶做成容器来盛水或棕榈叶' - 这是不可能的。同样地,比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我未如实通达苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛,就能正确地灭苦' - 这是不可能的。"
"比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我如实通达了苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、趣向苦灭之道圣谛,就能正确地灭苦' - 这是可能的。"
"比丘们,就像有人说:'我要用莲花叶、波罗叶或马鲁瓦叶做成容器来盛水或棕榈叶' - 这是可能的。同样地,比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我如实通达了苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛,就能正确地灭苦' - 这是可能的。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第二。
3. 棍棒经
1103. "比丘们,就像一根棍棒抛向空中,有时根部朝下落地,有时顶端朝下落地。同样地,比丘们,被无明覆盖、被爱欲束缚的众生,流转轮回,有时从此世去他世,有时从他世来此世。这是什么原因?比丘们,因为未见四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第三。
4. 衣服经

1104. ‘‘Āditte , bhikkhave, cele vā sīse vā kimassa karaṇīya’’nti? ‘‘Āditte, bhante, cele vā sīse vā, tasseva celassa vā sīsassa vā nibbāpanāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīya’’nti.

‘‘Ādittaṃ, bhikkhave, celaṃ vā sīsaṃ vā ajjhupekkhitvā amanasikaritvā anabhisametānaṃ catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya adhimatto chando ca vāyāmo ca ussāho ca ussoḷhī ca appaṭivānī ca sati ca sampajaññañca karaṇīyaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Sattisatasuttaṃ

1105. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī. Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ehambho purisa, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ taṃ sattisatena hanissanti, majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena hanissanti, sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanissanti. So kho tvaṃ, ambho purisa, divase divase tīhi tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno vassasatāyuko vassasatajīvī vassasatassa accayena anabhisametāni cattāri ariyasaccāni abhisamessasī’’’ti.

‘‘Atthavasikena, bhikkhave, kulaputtena alaṃ upagantuṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Anamataggoyaṃ, bhikkhave, saṃsāro; pubbā koṭi nappaññāyati sattippahārānaṃ asippahārānaṃ usuppahārānaṃ pharasuppahārānaṃ [asippahārānaṃ pharasuppahārānaṃ (ka.)]. Evañcetaṃ, bhikkhave, assa. Na kho panāhaṃ, bhikkhave, saha dukkhena, saha domanassena catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ abhisamayaṃ vadāmi; api cāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sahāva sukhena, sahāva somanassena catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ abhisamayaṃ vadāmi. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Pāṇasuttaṃ

1106. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso yaṃ imasmiṃ jambudīpe tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ tacchetvā ekajjhaṃ saṃhareyya; ekajjhaṃ saṃharitvā sūlaṃ kareyya. Sūlaṃ karitvā ye mahāsamudde mahantakā pāṇā te mahantakesu sūlesu āvuneyya, ye mahāsamudde majjhimakā pāṇā te majjhimakesu sūlesu āvuneyya, ye mahāsamudde sukhumakā pāṇā te sukhumakesu sūlesu āvuneyya. Apariyādinnā ca, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde oḷārikā pāṇā assu.

‘‘Atha imasmiṃ jambudīpe tiṇakaṭṭhasākhāpalāsaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya. Ito bahutarā kho, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde sukhumakā pāṇā, ye na sukarā sūlesu āvunituṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sukhumattā , bhikkhave, attabhāvassa. Evaṃ mahā kho, bhikkhave, apāyo. Evaṃ mahantasmā kho, bhikkhave, apāyasmā parimutto diṭṭhisampanno puggalo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Paṭhamasūriyasuttaṃ

1107. ‘‘Sūriyassa [suriyassa (sī. syā. kaṃ. pī.)], bhikkhave, udayato etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – aruṇuggaṃ. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamayāya etaṃ pubbaṅgamaṃ etaṃ pubbanimittaṃ, yadidaṃ – sammādiṭṭhi. Tassetaṃ bhikkhave, bhikkhuno pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānissati…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānissati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Dutiyasūriyasuttaṃ



1104. "比丘们,如果衣服或头着火了,应该怎么做?"
"尊者,如果衣服或头着火了,应该对那衣服或头生起极大的意愿、努力、奋进、精进、不退缩、正念和正知,以熄灭它。"
"比丘们,忽视和不关注着火的衣服或头,应该对尚未如实通达的四圣谛生起极大的意愿、努力、奋进、精进、不退缩、正念和正知,以如实通达它们。哪四种?苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第四。
5. 百矛经
1105. "比丘们,假如有一个人寿命百岁,能活一百年。有人对他这样说:'喂,朋友,每天早晨他们会用一百支矛刺你,中午用一百支矛刺你,傍晚用一百支矛刺你。你每天被三百支矛刺,寿命百岁,活一百年,一百年后你将如实通达四圣谛。'"
"比丘们,有智慧的善男子应该接受这个。为什么?比丘们,这轮回无始无终,看不到最初的起点,被刀刺、矛刺、箭刺、斧刺。比丘们,即使如此,我也不说伴随着苦和忧愁来通达四圣谛。相反,比丘们,我说伴随着乐和喜悦来通达四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第五。
6. 生物经
1106. "比丘们,假如有人把这瞻部洲(Jambudīpa)上所有的草木枝叶砍下来,集中在一起,做成木桩。做好木桩后,把大海里的大型生物串在大木桩上,中型生物串在中等木桩上,小型生物串在小木桩上。比丘们,大海里的粗大生物还没有用完。"
"这时,瞻部洲上的草木枝叶已经用尽了。比丘们,大海里的微小生物更多,不容易串在木桩上。为什么?比丘们,因为它们的身体太小了。比丘们,恶趣就是这么大。比丘们,从这么大的恶趣解脱出来的具足见的人,如实了知'这是苦'...如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第六。
7. 第一太阳经
1107. "比丘们,太阳升起时,这是前兆,这是预兆,也就是破晓。同样地,比丘们,比丘如实通达四圣谛时,这是前兆,这是预兆,也就是正见。比丘们,可以期待这位比丘将如实了知'这是苦'...如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第七。
8. 第二太阳经

1108. ‘‘Yāvakīvañca , bhikkhave, candimasūriyā loke nuppajjanti, neva tāva mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Andhatamaṃ tadā hoti andhakāratimisā . Neva tāva rattindivā [rattidivā (ka.)] paññāyanti, na māsaddhamāsā paññāyanti, na utusaṃvaccharā paññāyanti.

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, candimasūriyā loke uppajjanti, atha mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Neva andhakāratamaṃ tadā hoti na andhakāratimisā. Atha rattindivā paññāyanti, māsaddhamāsā paññāyanti, utusaṃvaccharā paññāyanti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yāvakīvañca tathāgato loke nuppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, neva tāva mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Andhatamaṃ tadā hoti andhakāratimisā. Neva tāva catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhaṇā hoti desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ.

‘‘Yato ca kho, bhikkhave, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, atha mahato ālokassa pātubhāvo hoti mahato obhāsassa. Neva andhatamaṃ tadā hoti na andhakāratimisā. Atha kho catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ ācikkhaṇā hoti desanā paññāpanā paṭṭhapanā vivaraṇā vibhajanā uttānīkammaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa .

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Indakhīlasuttaṃ

1109. ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti [olokenti (sī. syā.)] – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’’’ti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, tūlapicu vā kappāsapicu vā lahuko vātūpādāno same bhūmibhāge nikkhitto. Tamenaṃ puratthimo vāto pacchimena saṃhareyya, pacchimo vāto puratthimena saṃhareyya, uttaro vāto dakkhiṇena saṃhareyya, dakkhiṇo vāto uttarena saṃhareyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Lahukattā, bhikkhave, kappāsapicuno. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye hi keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te na aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’’’ti.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, ayokhīlo vā indakhīlo vā gambhīranemo sunikhāto acalo asampakampī. Puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya [neva naṃ saṅkampeyya (sī. pī.)] na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya; pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Gambhīrattā, bhikkhave, nemassa sunikhātattā indakhīlassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ye ca kho keci samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te na aññassa samaṇassa vā brāhmaṇassa vā mukhaṃ ullokenti – ‘ayaṃ nūna bhavaṃ jānaṃ jānāti, passaṃ passatī’ti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sudiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Vādatthikasuttaṃ



1108. "比丘们,只要日月未在世间出现,就不会有大光明的出现,不会有大光辉的出现。那时是黑暗的,是漆黑一片的。那时不知昼夜,不知月半月,不知季节年份。"
"比丘们,当日月在世间出现时,就会有大光明的出现,会有大光辉的出现。那时不再是黑暗的,不再是漆黑一片的。那时就知道昼夜,知道月半月,知道季节年份。同样地,比丘们,只要如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者未在世间出现,就不会有大光明的出现,不会有大光辉的出现。那时是黑暗的,是漆黑一片的。那时不会有四圣谛的宣说、教导、建立、开显、分别、阐明。"
"比丘们,当如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉者在世间出现时,就会有大光明的出现,会有大光辉的出现。那时不再是黑暗的,不再是漆黑一片的。那时就会有四圣谛的宣说、教导、建立、开显、分别、阐明。哪四种?苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第八。
9. 门柱经
1109. "比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门如果不如实了知'这是苦'...不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',他们就会仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的脸,想:'这位尊者知道的一定知道,看到的一定看到。'"
"比丘们,就像一团棉花或木棉,轻飘飘地放在平地上。东风会把它吹向西,西风会把它吹向东,北风会把它吹向南,南风会把它吹向北。为什么?比丘们,因为棉花很轻。同样地,比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门如果不如实了知'这是苦'...不如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',他们就会仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的脸,想:'这位尊者知道的一定知道,看到的一定看到。'为什么?比丘们,因为没有见到四圣谛。"
"比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门如果如实了知'这是苦'...如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',他们就不会仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的脸,想:'这位尊者知道的一定知道,看到的一定看到。'"
"比丘们,就像一根铁柱或门柱,深深地埋在地里,稳固不动,不摇不晃。即使从东方来强烈的风雨,也不会使它摇晃、震动或摆动;即使从西方来...从北方来...从南方来强烈的风雨,也不会使它摇晃、震动或摆动。为什么?比丘们,因为门柱深深地埋在地里,稳固不动。同样地,比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门如果如实了知'这是苦'...如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',他们就不会仰望其他沙门或婆罗门的脸,想:'这位尊者知道的一定知道,看到的一定看到。'为什么?比丘们,因为已经很好地见到了四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第九。
10. 求论经

1110. ‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī – ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī – ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, silāyūpo soḷasa kukkuko. Tassassu aṭṭha kukku heṭṭhā nemaṅgamā, aṭṭha kukku uparinemassa. Puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya; pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya bhusā vātavuṭṭhi, neva saṅkampeyya na sampakampeyya na sampacāleyya. Taṃ kissa hetu? Gambhīrattā, bhikkhave, nemassa sunikhātattā silāyūpassa. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo hi koci bhikkhu ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; puratthimāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Pacchimāya cepi disāya…pe… uttarāya cepi disāya…pe… dakkhiṇāya cepi disāya āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā vādatthiko vādagavesī – ‘vādamassa āropessāmī’ti, taṃ vata sahadhammena saṅkampessati vā sampakampessati vā sampacālessati vāti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. Taṃ kissa hetu? Sudiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Sīsapāvanavaggo catuttho.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Sīsapā khadiro daṇḍo, celā sattisatena ca;

Pāṇā suriyūpamā dvedhā, indakhīlo ca vādinoti.

5. Papātavaggo

1. Lokacintāsuttaṃ



1110. "比丘们,任何比丘如实了知'这是苦'...如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',即使从东方来一位沙门或婆罗门,想要辩论,寻求辩论,说:'我要驳倒他的论点',他也不可能用正法使这位比丘动摇、震动或摆动 - 这是不可能的。即使从西方来...从北方来...从南方来一位沙门或婆罗门,想要辩论,寻求辩论,说:'我要驳倒他的论点',他也不可能用正法使这位比丘动摇、震动或摆动 - 这是不可能的。"
"比丘们,就像一根十六肘高的石柱。它有八肘深埋在地下,八肘在地上。即使从东方来强烈的风雨,也不会使它摇晃、震动或摆动;即使从西方来...从北方来...从南方来强烈的风雨,也不会使它摇晃、震动或摆动。为什么?比丘们,因为石柱深深地埋在地里,稳固不动。同样地,比丘们,任何比丘如实了知'这是苦'...如实了知'这是趣向苦灭之道',即使从东方来一位沙门或婆罗门,想要辩论,寻求辩论,说:'我要驳倒他的论点',他也不可能用正法使这位比丘动摇、震动或摆动 - 这是不可能的。即使从西方来...从北方来...从南方来一位沙门或婆罗门,想要辩论,寻求辩论,说:'我要驳倒他的论点',他也不可能用正法使这位比丘动摇、震动或摆动 - 这是不可能的。为什么?比丘们,因为已经很好地见到了四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛...趣向苦灭之道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第十。
尸舍婆林品第四。
其摘要如下:
尸舍婆、刺树、棍棒、衣服、百矛、
生物、两个太阳、门柱和论者。
5. 悬崖品
1. 思维世间经

1111. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, aññataro puriso rājagahā nikkhamitvā ‘lokacintaṃ cintessāmī’ti yena sumāgadhā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre nisīdi lokacintaṃ cintento. Addasā kho, bhikkhave, so puriso sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ [caturaṅginisenaṃ (ka.)] bhisamuḷālaṃ [bhisamūlālaṃ (pī. ka.)] pavisantaṃ. Disvānassa etadahosi – ‘ummattosmi nāmāhaṃ, vicetosmi nāmāhaṃ! Yaṃ loke natthi taṃ mayā diṭṭha’’’nti.

‘‘Atha kho so, bhikkhave, puriso nagaraṃ pavisitvā mahājanakāyassa ārocesi – ‘ummattosmi nāmāhaṃ, bhante, vicetosmi nāmāhaṃ, bhante! Yaṃ loke natthi taṃ mayā diṭṭha’’’nti. ‘‘Kathaṃ pana tvaṃ, ambho purisa, ummatto kathaṃ viceto? Kiñca loke natthi yaṃ tayā diṭṭha’’nti? ‘‘Idhāhaṃ, bhante, rājagahā nikkhamitvā ‘lokacintaṃ cintessāmī’ti yena sumāgadhā pokkharaṇī tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre nisīdiṃ lokacintaṃ cintento. Addasaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, sumāgadhāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ bhisamuḷālaṃ pavisantaṃ. Evaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante, ummatto evaṃ viceto. Idañca loke natthi yaṃ mayā diṭṭha’’nti. ‘‘Taggha tvaṃ, ambho purisa, ummatto taggha viceto. Idañca loke natthi yaṃ tayā diṭṭha’’nti.

‘‘Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, so puriso bhūtaṃyeva addasa, no abhūtaṃ. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, devāsurasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. Tasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, saṅgāme devā jiniṃsu, asurā parājiniṃsu. Parājitā ca kho, bhikkhave, asurā bhītā bhisamuḷālena asurapuraṃ pavisiṃsu devānaṃyeva mohayamānā.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, mā lokacintaṃ cintetha – ‘sassato loko’ti vā ‘asassato loko’ti vā, ‘antavā loko’ti vā ‘anantavā loko’ti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīra’nti vā ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīra’nti vā, ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Nesā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā nādibrahmacariyakā na nibbidāya na virāgāya na nirodhāya na upasamāya na abhiññāya na sambodhāya na nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Cintentā kho tumhe, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti cinteyyātha…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti cinteyyātha. Taṃ kissa hetu? Esā, bhikkhave, cintā atthasaṃhitā esā ādibrahmacariyakā esā nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya upasamāya abhiññāya sambodhāya nibbānāya saṃvattati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Papātasuttaṃ



1111. 有一次,世尊住在王舍城(Rājagaha)竹林(Veḷuvana)栗鼠饲养处。在那里,世尊对比丘们说:"比丘们,从前有一个人从王舍城出来,想:'我要思考世间。'他来到须摩伽陀(Sumāgadhā)莲池,来到后坐在须摩伽陀莲池岸边思考世间。比丘们,那个人看到一支四部军队从须摩伽陀莲池岸边进入莲茎和莲根中。看到后他想:'我一定是疯了,我一定是失心了!我看到了世间所没有的东西。'"
"然后,比丘们,那个人进入城里,向大众宣布:'先生们,我一定是疯了,我一定是失心了!我看到了世间所没有的东西。''朋友,你怎么疯了?怎么失心了?你看到了什么世间所没有的东西?''先生们,我从王舍城出来,想:'我要思考世间。'我来到须摩伽陀莲池,来到后坐在须摩伽陀莲池岸边思考世间。先生们,我看到一支四部军队从须摩伽陀莲池岸边进入莲茎和莲根中。先生们,我就是这样疯了,这样失心了。这就是我看到的世间所没有的东西。''朋友,你确实是疯了,确实是失心了。这确实是世间所没有的,你看到的东西。'"
"比丘们,那个人其实看到的是真实的,不是虚假的。比丘们,从前天神与阿修罗发生了一场大战。在那场战争中,天神获胜,阿修罗失败。比丘们,失败的阿修罗害怕了,就从莲茎和莲根进入阿修罗城,以迷惑天神。"
"因此,比丘们,你们不要思考世间 - '世间是永恒的'或'世间是非永恒的',或'世间是有限的'或'世间是无限的',或'生命与身体是一回事'或'生命与身体是不同的',或'如来死后存在'或'如来死后不存在',或'如来死后既存在又不存在',或'如来死后既不存在也不是不存在'。为什么?比丘们,这种思考不具意义,不是梵行的基础,不导向厌离、离欲、灭尽、寂静、证知、正觉、涅槃。"
"比丘们,当你们思考时,应该思考'这是苦'...应该思考'这是趣向苦灭之道'。为什么?比丘们,这种思考具有意义,是梵行的基础,导向厌离、离欲、灭尽、寂静、证知、正觉、涅槃。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'...应当努力了知'这是趣向苦灭之道'。" 第一。
2. 悬崖经

1112. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati gijjhakūṭe pabbate. Atha kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘āyāma, bhikkhave, yena paṭibhānakūṭo tenupasaṅkamissāma divāvihārāyā’’ti. ‘‘Evaṃ, bhante’’ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Atha kho bhagavā sambahulehi bhikkhūhi saddhiṃ yena paṭibhānakūṭo tenupasaṅkami. Addasā kho aññataro bhikkhu paṭibhānakūṭe mahantaṃ papātaṃ. Disvāna bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mahā vatāyaṃ, bhante, papāto subhayānako, bhante, papāto. Atthi nu kho, bhante, imamhā papātā añño papāto mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, bhikkhu, imamhā papātā añño papāto mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti.

‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, imamhā papātā añño papāto mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti, jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti , maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti. Te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiratā jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti, jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti, maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharonti. Te jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre abhisaṅkharitvā jātipapātampi papatanti, jarāpapātampi papatanti, maraṇapapātampi papatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapapātampi papatanti. Te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti, jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti, maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti. Te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, jarāsaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, maraṇasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu anabhiratā, jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti, jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti, maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre nābhisaṅkharonti. Te jātisaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, jarāsaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, maraṇasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsasaṃvattanikepi saṅkhāre anabhisaṅkharitvā, jātipapātampi nappapatanti, jarāpapātampi nappapatanti, maraṇapapātampi nappapatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapapātampi nappapatanti. Te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Mahāpariḷāhasuttaṃ





1112. 有一次，世尊住在王舍城(现在的拉杰吉尔)耆阇崛山。那时，世尊对比丘们说:"比丘们,来吧,我们去智慧山度过午后。""是的,尊者。"那些比丘回答世尊。于是世尊与众多比丘一起前往智慧山。一位比丘看到智慧山上有一个大悬崖,看到后对世尊说:"尊者,这个悬崖真大,尊者,这个悬崖令人恐惧。尊者,是否有比这个悬崖更大更可怕的悬崖呢?""比丘,确实有比这个悬崖更大更可怕的悬崖。"
"尊者,那么什么是比这个悬崖更大更可怕的悬崖呢?""比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门如实不了知'这是苦',如实不了知'这是苦的生起',如实不了知'这是苦的止息',如实不了知'这是导向苦止息的道路',他们乐于导致出生的诸行,乐于导致衰老的诸行,乐于导致死亡的诸行,乐于导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行。他们乐于导致出生的诸行,乐于导致衰老的诸行,乐于导致死亡的诸行,乐于导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行,他们造作导致出生的诸行,造作导致衰老的诸行,造作导致死亡的诸行,造作导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行。他们造作了导致出生的诸行,造作了导致衰老的诸行,造作了导致死亡的诸行,造作了导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行后,他们坠入出生的悬崖,坠入衰老的悬崖,坠入死亡的悬崖,坠入忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的悬崖。他们不能从出生、衰老、死亡、忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望中解脱。我说他们不能从苦中解脱。"
"比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知'这是苦'......如实了知'这是导向苦止息的道路',他们不乐于导致出生的诸行,不乐于导致衰老的诸行,不乐于导致死亡的诸行,不乐于导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行。他们不乐于导致出生的诸行,不乐于导致衰老的诸行,不乐于导致死亡的诸行,不乐于导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行,他们不造作导致出生的诸行,不造作导致衰老的诸行,不造作导致死亡的诸行,不造作导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行。他们不造作导致出生的诸行,不造作导致衰老的诸行,不造作导致死亡的诸行,不造作导致忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的诸行,他们不坠入出生的悬崖,不坠入衰老的悬崖,不坠入死亡的悬崖,不坠入忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望的悬崖。他们从出生、衰老、死亡、忧愁、悲叹、痛苦、忧郁和绝望中解脱。我说他们从苦中解脱。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦止息的道路'。"
第二
3. 大热恼经




1113. ‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, mahāpariḷāho nāma nirayo. Tattha yaṃ kiñci cakkhunā rūpaṃ passati, aniṭṭharūpaññeva passati no iṭṭharūpaṃ; akantarūpaññeva passati no kantarūpaṃ; amanāparūpaññeva passati no manāparūpaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci sotena saddaṃ suṇāti…pe… yaṃ kiñci kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusati…pe… yaṃ kiñci manasā dhammaṃ vijānāti, aniṭṭharūpaññeva vijānāti no iṭṭharūpaṃ; akantarūpaññeva vijānāti no kantarūpaṃ; amanāparūpaññeva vijānāti no manāparūpa’’nti.

Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mahā vata so, bhante, pariḷāho, sumahā vata so, bhante, pariḷāho! Atthi nu kho, bhante, etamhā pariḷāhā añño pariḷāho mahantataro ceva bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, bhikkhu, etamhā pariḷāhā añño pariḷāho mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti.

‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, etamhā pariḷāhā añño pariḷāho mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti…pe… abhiratā…pe… abhisaṅkharonti…pe… abhisaṅkharitvā jātipariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti, jarāpariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti, maraṇapariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapariḷāhenapi pariḍayhanti . Te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhave, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti. Te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti…pe… anabhiratā…pe… nābhisaṅkharonti…pe… anabhisaṅkharitvā jātipariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti, jarāpariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti, maraṇapariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsapariḷāhenapi na pariḍayhanti. Te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Kūṭāgārasuttaṃ

1114. ‘‘Yo hi, bhikkhave [yo ca kho bhikkhave (syā. ka.)], evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ kūṭāgārassa heṭṭhimaṃ gharaṃ akaritvā uparimaṃ gharaṃ āropessāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati; evameva kho, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ anabhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Yo ca kho, bhikkhave, evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ kūṭāgārassa heṭṭhimaṃ gharaṃ karitvā uparimaṃ gharaṃ āropessāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati; evameva kho , bhikkhave, yo evaṃ vadeyya – ‘ahaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiṃ paṭipadaṃ ariyasaccaṃ yathābhūtaṃ abhisamecca sammā dukkhassantaṃ karissāmī’ti – ṭhānametaṃ vijjati.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Vālasuttaṃ



1113. "比丘们,有一个名叫大热恼的地狱。在那里,无论用眼睛看到什么色,只看到不悦意的色,不看到悦意的色;只看到不可爱的色,不看到可爱的色;只看到不如意的色,不看到如意的色。无论用耳朵听到什么声......用身体接触到什么触......用意识了知什么法,只了知不悦意的法,不了知悦意的法;只了知不可爱的法,不了知可爱的法;只了知不如意的法,不了知如意的法。"
说到这里,一位比丘对世尊说:"大德,那真是大热恼啊,大德,那真是极大的热恼啊!大德,还有比这热恼更大更可怕的热恼吗?"
"比丘,确实有比这热恼更大更可怕的热恼。"
"大德,什么是比这热恼更大更可怕的热恼呢?"
"比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门不如实了知'这是苦'......不如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路',他们喜好导致再生的诸行......喜好后......造作......造作后,他们被生的热恼所烧,被老的热恼所烧,被死的热恼所烧,被忧悲苦恼的热恼所烧。他们不能从生老死忧悲苦恼中解脱。我说他们不能从苦中解脱。
比丘们,任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知'这是苦'......如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路',他们不喜好导致再生的诸行......不喜好后......不造作......不造作后,他们不被生的热恼所烧,不被老的热恼所烧,不被死的热恼所烧,不被忧悲苦恼的热恼所烧。他们从生老死忧悲苦恼中解脱。我说他们从苦中解脱。
因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第三。
4. 重阁经
1114. "比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我不如实通达苦圣谛......不如实通达导向苦灭的道路圣谛,却能正确地终结苦'——这是不可能的。
比丘们,就像有人说:'我不建造重阁的下层,却要建造上层'——这是不可能的。同样地,比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我不如实通达苦圣谛......不如实通达导向苦灭的道路圣谛,却能正确地终结苦'——这是不可能的。
比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我如实通达苦圣谛......如实通达导向苦灭的道路圣谛,就能正确地终结苦'——这是可能的。
比丘们,就像有人说:'我建造重阁的下层后,就能建造上层'——这是可能的。同样地,比丘们,如果有人这样说:'我如实通达苦圣谛......如实通达导向苦灭的道路圣谛,就能正确地终结苦'——这是可能的。
因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第四。
5. 毛发经

1115. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisi. Addasā kho āyasmā ānando sambahule licchavikumārake santhāgāre upāsanaṃ karonte, dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātente, poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ [pokhānupokhaṃ (syā. kaṃ.)] avirādhitaṃ. Disvānassa etadahosi – ‘‘sikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā, susikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā; yatra hi nāma dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātessanti poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhita’’nti.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando vesāliṃ piṇḍāya caritvā pacchābhattaṃ piṇḍapātapaṭikkanto yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘idhāhaṃ, bhante, pubbaṇhasamayaṃ nivāsetvā pattacīvaramādāya vesāliṃ piṇḍāya pāvisiṃ . Addasaṃ khvāhaṃ, bhante sambahule licchavikumārake santhāgāre upāsanaṃ karonte dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātente poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ’. Disvāna me etadahosi – ‘‘sikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā, susikkhitā vatime licchavikumārakā; yatra hi nāma dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipātessanti poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhita’’nti.

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ānanda, katamaṃ nu kho dukkarataraṃ vā durabhisambhavataraṃ vā – yo dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipāteyya poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ, yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, dukkaratarañceva durabhisambhavatarañca yo vā [yo (sī.)] sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyā’’ti. ‘‘Atha kho [atha kho te (syā. kaṃ.)], ānanda, duppaṭivijjhataraṃ paṭivijjhanti, ye ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti’’.

‘‘Tasmātihānanda, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Andhakārasuttaṃ

1116. ‘‘Atthi, bhikkhave, lokantarikā aghā asaṃvutā andhakārā andhakāratimisā, yatthamimesaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ evaṃmahiddhikānaṃ evaṃ mahānubhāvānaṃ ābhāya nānubhontī’’ti.

Evaṃ vutte aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – ‘‘mahā vata so, bhante, andhakāro, sumahā vata so, bhante, andhakāro! Atthi nu kho, bhante, etamhā andhakārā añño andhakāro mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Atthi kho, bhikkhu, etamhā andhakārā añño andhakāro mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti.

‘‘Katamo pana, bhante, etamhā andhakārā añño andhakāro mahantataro ca bhayānakataro cā’’ti? ‘‘Ye hi keci, bhikkhu, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu abhiramanti…pe… abhiratā…pe… abhisaṅkharonti…pe… abhisaṅkharitvā jātandhakārampi papatanti, jarandhakārampi papatanti, maraṇandhakārampi papatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsandhakārampi papatanti. Te na parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Na parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

‘‘Ye ca kho keci, bhikkhu, samaṇā vā brāhmaṇā vā ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānanti, te jātisaṃvattanikesu saṅkhāresu nābhiramanti…pe… anabhiratā…pe… nābhisaṅkharonti…pe… anabhisaṅkharitvā jātandhakārampi nappapatanti , jarandhakārampi nappapatanti, maraṇandhakārampi nappapatanti, sokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsandhakārampi nappapatanti. Te parimuccanti jātiyā jarāya maraṇena sokehi paridevehi dukkhehi domanassehi upāyāsehi. ‘Parimuccanti dukkhasmā’ti vadāmi’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Paṭhamachiggaḷayugasuttaṃ



1115. 有一次,世尊住在毗舍离(Vesālī)大林重阁讲堂。那时,尊者阿难在上午穿好衣服,拿着钵和衣进入毗舍离乞食。尊者阿难看见许多离车(Licchavi)少年在集会堂练习射箭,从远处通过细小的钥匙孔射箭,箭箭相连而不失误。看到这一幕,他想:"这些离车少年真是训练有素,这些离车少年真是训练得非常好;他们竟能从远处通过细小的钥匙孔射箭,箭箭相连而不失误。"
然后尊者阿难在毗舍离乞食完毕,饭后返回,来到世尊所在的地方。来到后,向世尊礼拜,然后坐在一旁。坐在一旁的尊者阿难对世尊说:"大德,今天上午我穿好衣服,拿着钵和衣进入毗舍离乞食。大德,我看见许多离车少年在集会堂练习射箭,从远处通过细小的钥匙孔射箭,箭箭相连而不失误。看到这一幕,我想:'这些离车少年真是训练有素,这些离车少年真是训练得非常好;他们竟能从远处通过细小的钥匙孔射箭,箭箭相连而不失误。'"
"阿难,你认为哪个更难做到、更难成就:从远处通过细小的钥匙孔射箭,箭箭相连而不失误,还是用一根分成七份的毛发的一端刺穿另一端?"
"大德,用一根分成七份的毛发的一端刺穿另一端更难做到、更难成就。"
"阿难,那些如实通达'这是苦'......如实通达'这是导向苦灭的道路'的人,他们所通达的比这更难通达。"
"因此,阿难,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第五。
6. 黑暗经
1116. "比丘们,有世界之间的空隙,那里是开放的、黑暗的、一片漆黑,即使这些具有如此大神通、如此大威力的日月的光芒也照不到那里。"
说到这里,一位比丘对世尊说:"大德,那真是大黑暗啊,大德,那真是极大的黑暗啊!大德,还有比这黑暗更大更可怕的黑暗吗?"
"比丘,确实有比这黑暗更大更可怕的黑暗。"
"大德,什么是比这黑暗更大更可怕的黑暗呢?"
"比丘,任何沙门或婆罗门不如实了知'这是苦'......不如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路',他们喜好导致再生的诸行......喜好后......造作......造作后,他们堕入生的黑暗,堕入老的黑暗,堕入死的黑暗,堕入忧悲苦恼的黑暗。他们不能从生老死忧悲苦恼中解脱。我说他们不能从苦中解脱。
比丘,任何沙门或婆罗门如实了知'这是苦'......如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路',他们不喜好导致再生的诸行......不喜好后......不造作......不造作后,他们不堕入生的黑暗,不堕入老的黑暗,不堕入死的黑暗,不堕入忧悲苦恼的黑暗。他们从生老死忧悲苦恼中解脱。我说他们从苦中解脱。
因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第六。
7. 第

1117. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso mahāsamudde ekacchiggaḷaṃ yugaṃ pakkhipeyya. Tatrāpissa kāṇo kacchapo. So vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu kho kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā’’ti? ‘‘Yadi nūna, bhante, kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayenā’’ti.

‘‘Khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhave, kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyya, na tvevāhaṃ, bhikkhave, sakiṃ vinipātagatena bālena [vinītagatena bahulena (ka.)] manussattaṃ vadāmi’’.

Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hettha, bhikkhave, atthi dhammacariyā, samacariyā, kusalakiriyā, puññakiriyā. Aññamaññakhādikā ettha, bhikkhave, vattati dubbalakhādikā. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Dutiyachiggaḷayugasuttaṃ

1118. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, ayaṃ mahāpathavī ekodakā assa. Tatra puriso ekacchiggaḷaṃ yugaṃ pakkhipeyya. Tamenaṃ puratthimo vāto pacchimena saṃhareyya, pacchimo vāto puratthimena saṃhareyya, uttaro vāto dakkhiṇena saṃhareyya, dakkhiṇo vāto uttarena saṃhareyya. Tatrassa kāṇo kacchapo. So vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu kho kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā’’ti? ‘‘Adhiccamidaṃ, bhante, yaṃ so kāṇo kacchapo vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ sakiṃ ummujjanto amusmiṃ ekacchiggaḷe yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā’’ti.

‘‘Evaṃ adhiccamidaṃ, bhikkhave, yaṃ manussattaṃ labhati. Evaṃ adhiccamidaṃ, bhikkhave, yaṃ tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho. Evaṃ adhiccamidaṃ, bhikkhave, yaṃ tathāgatappavedito dhammavinayo loke dibbati. Tassidaṃ [tayidaṃ (?)], bhikkhave, manussattaṃ laddhaṃ, tathāgato loke uppanno arahaṃ sammāsambuddho, tathāgatappavedito ca dhammavinayo loke dibbati.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Paṭhamasinerupabbatarājasuttaṃ

1119. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso sinerussa pabbatarājassa satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave , katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yā vā [yā ca] satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā, yo vā [yo ca (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.) saṃ. ni. 2.84] sinerupabbatarājā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – sinerupabbatarājā; appamattikā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti sinerupabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Dutiyasinerupabbatarājasuttaṃ



1117. "比丘们,假设有人把一个只有一个孔的轭扔进大海。那里有一只瞎眼的海龟,每一百年浮出水面一次。你们认为如何,比丘们,那只瞎眼的海龟每一百年浮出水面一次,能否把头伸进那个只有一个孔的轭里?"
"大德,也许经过很长很长的时间后,偶尔有可能。"
"比丘们,那只瞎眼的海龟每一百年浮出水面一次,把头伸进那个只有一个孔的轭里的可能性还要大些。但是,比丘们,我说一个愚人一旦堕入恶趣,要再得人身是非常困难的。
这是为什么呢?比丘们,因为在那里没有如法而行,没有正直而行,没有善行,没有功德。比丘们,在那里盛行的是互相吞噬,强者吞噬弱者。这是为什么呢?比丘们,因为他们没有看到四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛......导向苦灭的道路圣谛。
因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第七。
8. 第二孔轭经
1118. "比丘们,假设这大地全是水。有人把一个只有一个孔的轭扔进去。东风把它吹向西,西风把它吹向东,北风把它吹向南,南风把它吹向北。那里有一只瞎眼的海龟,每一百年浮出水面一次。你们认为如何,比丘们,那只瞎眼的海龟每一百年浮出水面一次,能否把头伸进那个只有一个孔的轭里?"
"大德,那只瞎眼的海龟每一百年浮出水面一次,把头伸进那个只有一个孔的轭里,这是极其罕见的事。"
"比丘们,得人身也是如此极其罕见的事。比丘们,如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉出现于世也是如此极其罕见的事。比丘们,如来所宣说的法与律在世间流传也是如此极其罕见的事。比丘们,你们现在已得人身,如来、阿罗汉、正等正觉已出现于世,如来所宣说的法与律也在世间流传。
因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第八。
9. 第一须弥山王经
1119. "比丘们,假设有人把七粒绿豆大小的石子放在须弥山王旁边。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 那七粒绿豆大小的石子,还是须弥山王?"
"大德,须弥山王更多。那七粒绿豆大小的石子是极少的。与须弥山王相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个具足正见、已经通达的圣弟子来说,他已经灭尽、耗尽的苦是更多的;剩余的苦是极少的。与先前已灭尽、耗尽的苦蕴相比,剩余的苦不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一,最多只有七次往返。他如实了知'这是苦'......如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第九。
10. 第二须弥山王经

1120. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, sinerupabbatarājāyaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā sinerussa pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yā vā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ sinerussa pabbatarājassa yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattikā satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti sinerussa pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya satta muggamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Papātavaggo pañcamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Cintā papāto pariḷāho, kūṭaṃ vālandhakāro ca;

Chiggaḷena ca dve vuttā, sineru apare duveti.

6. Abhisamayavaggo

1. Nakhasikhasuttaṃ

1121. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ yadidaṃ – mahāpathavī; appamattakāyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Pokkharaṇīsuttaṃ

1122. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pokkharaṇī paññāsayojanāni āyāmena, paññāsayojanāni vitthārena, paññāsayojanāni ubbedhena, puṇṇā udakassa samatittikā kākapeyyā. Tato puriso kusaggena udakaṃ uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā kusaggena ubbhataṃ, yaṃ vā pokkharaṇiyā udaka’’nti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – pokkharaṇiyā udakaṃ; appamattakaṃ kusaggena udakaṃ ubbhataṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti pokkharaṇiyā udakaṃ upanidhāya kusaggena udakaṃ ubbhata’’nti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Paṭhamasaṃbhejjasuttaṃ

1123. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, yatthimā mahānadiyo saṃsandanti samenti, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā, yamunā, aciravatī, sarabhū, mahī, tato puriso dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni, yaṃ vā saṃbhejjaudaka’’nti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – saṃbhejjaudakaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti , upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti saṃbhejjaudakaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Dutiyasaṃbhejjasuttaṃ



1120. "比丘们,假设须弥山王消耗殆尽,只剩下七粒绿豆大小的石子。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 已消耗殆尽的须弥山王,还是剩下的七粒绿豆大小的石子?"
"大德,已消耗殆尽的须弥山王更多。剩下的七粒绿豆大小的石子是极少的。与已消耗殆尽的须弥山王相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个具足正见、已经通达的圣弟子来说,他已经灭尽、耗尽的苦是更多的;剩余的苦是极少的。与先前已灭尽、耗尽的苦蕴相比,剩余的苦不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一,最多只有七次往返。他如实了知'这是苦'......如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第十。
断崖品第五
其摘要如下:
思考、断崖、热恼,重阁、毛发和黑暗,
两个孔轭所说,须弥山另外两个。
6. 通达品
1. 指甲尖经
1121. 这时,世尊用指甲尖挑起一点土,对比丘们说:"比丘们,你们认为如何,哪个更多 - 我用指甲尖挑起的这一点土,还是这大地?"
"大德,大地更多。世尊用指甲尖挑起的这一点土是极少的。与大地相比,它不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个具足正见、已经通达的圣弟子来说,他已经灭尽、耗尽的苦是更多的;剩余的苦是极少的。与先前已灭尽、耗尽的苦蕴相比,剩余的苦不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一,最多只有七次往返。他如实了知'这是苦'......如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第一。
2. 莲池经
1122. "比丘们,假设有一个长五十由旬、宽五十由旬、深五十由旬的莲池,装满水直至边缘,乌鸦可以饮用。有人用草尖从中取水。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 用草尖取出的水,还是莲池中的水?"
"大德,莲池中的水更多。用草尖取出的水是极少的。与莲池中的水相比,它不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣弟子......应当努力。"第二。
3. 第一汇流经
1123. "比丘们,假设在这些大河汇流交汇的地方,如恒河、耶牟那河、阿致罗筏底河、萨罗浮河、摩希河,有人从中取出两三滴水。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 取出的两三滴水,还是汇流处的水?"
"大德,汇流处的水更多。取出的两三滴水是极少的。与汇流处的水相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣弟子......应当努力。"第三。
4. 第二汇流经

1124. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, yatthimā mahānadiyo saṃsandanti samenti, seyyathidaṃ – gaṅgā, yamunā, aciravatī, sarabhū, mahī, taṃ udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni . Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā saṃbhejjaudakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ saṃbhejjaudakaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti saṃbhejjaudakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Catutthaṃ.

5. Paṭhamamahāpathavīsuttaṃ

1125. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso mahāpathaviyā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yā vā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – mahāpathavī; appamattikā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Dutiyamahāpathavīsuttaṃ

1126. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, mahāpathavī parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya ṭhapetvā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā mahāpathaviyā parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ , yā vā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ mahāpathaviyā yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattikā satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāpathaviyā parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya satta kolaṭṭhimattiyo guḷikā avasiṭṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Paṭhamamahāsamuddasuttaṃ

1127. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso mahāsamuddato dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni uddhareyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni, yaṃ vā mahāsamudde udaka’’nti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – mahāsamudde udakaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāsamudde udakaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni ubbhatānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Sattamaṃ.

8. Dutiyamahāsamuddasuttaṃ

1128. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhayaṃ [mahāsamuddo parikkhayaṃ (sī. syā. kaṃ.) saṃ. ni. 2.81] pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya ṭhapetvā dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ mahāsamudde udakaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakāni dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhāni. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti mahāsamudde udakaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya dve vā tīṇi vā udakaphusitāni avasiṭṭhānī’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Paṭhamapabbatūpamasuttaṃ



1124. "比丘们,假设在这些大河汇流交汇的地方,如恒河、耶牟那河、阿致罗筏底河、萨罗浮河、摩希河,那里的水消耗殆尽,只剩下两三滴水。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 已消耗殆尽的汇流处的水,还是剩下的两三滴水?"
"大德,已消耗殆尽的汇流处的水更多。剩下的两三滴水是极少的。与已消耗殆尽的汇流处的水相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣弟子......应当努力。"第四。
5. 第一大地经
1125. "比丘们,假设有人把七颗枣核大小的泥丸放在大地上。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 那七颗枣核大小的泥丸,还是这大地?"
"大德,大地更多。那七颗枣核大小的泥丸是极少的。与大地相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣弟子......应当努力。"第五。
6. 第二大地经
1126. "比丘们,假设大地消耗殆尽,只剩下七颗枣核大小的泥丸。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 已消耗殆尽的大地,还是剩下的七颗枣核大小的泥丸?"
"大德,已消耗殆尽的大地更多。剩下的七颗枣核大小的泥丸是极少的。与已消耗殆尽的大地相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣弟子......应当努力。"第六。
7. 第一大海经
1127. "比丘们,假设有人从大海中取出两三滴水。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 取出的两三滴水,还是大海中的水?"
"大德,大海中的水更多。取出的两三滴水是极少的。与大海中的水相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣弟子......应当努力。"第七。
8. 第二大海经
1128. "比丘们,假设大海中的水消耗殆尽,只剩下两三滴水。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 已消耗殆尽的大海水,还是剩下的两三滴水?"
"大德,已消耗殆尽的大海水更多。剩下的两三滴水是极少的。与已消耗殆尽的大海水相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣弟子......应当努力。"第八。
9. 第一山喻经

1129. ‘‘Seyyathāpi , bhikkhave, puriso himavato pabbatarājassa satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhipeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yā vā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā, ayaṃ vā himavā pabbatarājā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – himavā pabbatarājā; appamattikā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā upanikkhittā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa…pe… yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Navamaṃ.

10. Dutiyapabbatūpamasuttaṃ

1130. ‘‘Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, himavā pabbatarājā parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gaccheyya, ṭhapetvā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yaṃ vā himavato pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ, yā vā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ himavato pabbatarājassa yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattikā satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā. Saṅkhampi na upenti, upanidhampi na upenti, kalabhāgampi na upenti himavato pabbatarājassa parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya satta sāsapamattiyo pāsāṇasakkharā avasiṭṭhā’’ti. ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa diṭṭhisampannassa puggalassa abhisametāvino etadeva bahutaraṃ dukkhaṃ yadidaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ; appamattakaṃ avasiṭṭhaṃ. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti purimaṃ dukkhakkhandhaṃ parikkhīṇaṃ pariyādinnaṃ upanidhāya yadidaṃ sattakkhattuparamatā; yo ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Dasamaṃ.

Abhisamayavaggo chaṭṭho.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Nakhasikhā pokkharaṇī, saṃbhejja apare duve;

Pathavī dve samuddā dve, dvemā ca pabbatūpamāti.

7. Paṭhamaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

1. Aññatrasuttaṃ

1131. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva , bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – mahāpathavī; appamattakāyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti.

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appamattakā te sattā ye manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye aññatra manussehi [manussesu (pī. ka.)] paccājāyanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā, bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Paccantasuttaṃ

1132. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – mahāpathavī; appamattakāyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti.

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appamattakā te sattā ye majjhimesu janapadesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye paccantimesu janapadesu paccājāyanti aviññātāresu milakkhesu [milakkhūsu (syā. kaṃ. ka.)] …pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Paññāsuttaṃ



1129. "比丘们,假设有人把七粒芥子大小的石子放在雪山王旁边。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 那七粒芥子大小的石子,还是雪山王?"
"大德,雪山王更多。那七粒芥子大小的石子是极少的。与雪山王相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个圣**......应当努力。"第九。
10. 第二山喻经
1130. "比丘们,假设雪山王消耗殆尽,只剩下七粒芥子大小的石子。你们认为如何,比丘们,哪个更多 - 已消耗殆尽的雪山王,还是剩下的七粒芥子大小的石子?"
"大德,已消耗殆尽的雪山王更多。剩下的七粒芥子大小的石子是极少的。与已消耗殆尽的雪山王相比,它们不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,对于一个具足正见、已经通达的圣弟子来说,他已经灭尽、耗尽的苦是更多的;剩余的苦是极少的。与先前已灭尽、耗尽的苦蕴相比,剩余的苦不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一,最多只有七次往返。他如实了知'这是苦'......如实了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第十。
通达品第六
其摘要如下:
指甲尖、莲池,汇流另外两个,
大地两个大海两个,这两个山喻。
7. 第一生谷重说品
1. 他处经
1131. 这时,世尊用指甲尖挑起一点土,对比丘们说:"比丘们,你们认为如何,哪个更多 - 我用指甲尖挑起的这一点土,还是这大地?"
"大德,大地更多。世尊用指甲尖挑起的这一点土是极少的。与大地相比,它不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,转生为人的众生极少;而转生到其他地方的众生更多。这是为什么呢?比丘们,因为他们没有看到四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛......导向苦灭的道路圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力了知'这是苦'......应当努力了知'这是导向苦灭的道路'。"第一。
2. 边地经
1132. 这时,世尊用指甲尖挑起一点土,对比丘们说:"比丘们,你们认为如何,哪个更多 - 我用指甲尖挑起的这一点土,还是这大地?"
"大德,大地更多。世尊用指甲尖挑起的这一点土是极少的。与大地相比,它不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"
"同样地,比丘们,转生在中央地区的众生极少;而转生在边远地区、未开化的野蛮人中的众生更多......。"第二。
3. 智慧经

1133. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pana ariyena paññācakkhunā samannāgatā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye avijjāgatā sammuḷhā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Surāmerayasuttaṃ

1134. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā apaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

5. Odakasuttaṃ

1135. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye thalajā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye udakajā. Taṃ kissa hetu…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Matteyyasuttaṃ

1136. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye matteyyā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye amatteyyā…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Petteyyasuttaṃ

1137. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye petteyyā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye apetteyyā…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

8. Sāmaññasuttaṃ

1138. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye sāmaññā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye asāmaññā…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Brahmaññasuttaṃ

1139. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye brahmaññā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye abrahmaññā…pe…. Navamaṃ.

10. Pacāyikasuttaṃ

1140. … ‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kule jeṭṭhāpacāyino; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kule ajeṭṭhāpacāyinoti [akule jeṭṭhāpacāyinoti (syā. kaṃ.)] …pe…. Dasamaṃ.

Paṭhamaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo sattamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Aññatra paccantaṃ paññā, surāmerayaodakā;

Matteyya petteyyā cāpi, sāmaññaṃ brahmapacāyikanti.

8. Dutiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

1. Pāṇātipātasuttaṃ

1141. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pāṇātipātā appaṭiviratā. Taṃ kissa hetu? …Pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Adinnādānasuttaṃ

1142. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye adinnādānā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye adinnādānā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Kāmesumicchācārasuttaṃ

1143. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kāmesumicchācārā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Musāvādasuttaṃ

1144. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye musāvādā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye musāvādā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

5. Pesuññasuttaṃ

1145. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pisuṇāya vācāya appaṭiviratā…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Pharusavācāsuttaṃ

1146. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pharusāya vācāya appaṭiviratā…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Samphappalāpasuttaṃ

1147. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye samphappalāpā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye samphappalāpā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

8. Bījagāmasuttaṃ

1148. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā [bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārabbhā (ka.)] paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye bījagāmabhūtagāmasamārambhā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Vikālabhojanasuttaṃ

1149. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye vikālabhojanā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye vikālabhojanā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Navamaṃ.

10. Gandhavilepanasuttaṃ

1150. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye mālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dasamaṃ.

Dutiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo aṭṭhamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Pāṇaṃ adinnaṃ kāmesu, musāvādañca pesuññaṃ;

Pharusaṃ samphappalāpaṃ, bījañca vikālaṃ gandhanti.

9. Tatiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

1. Naccagītasuttaṃ



1133. ..."同样地,比丘们,具有圣者智慧眼的众生极少;而无明愚痴的众生更多......"第三。
4. 酒经
1134. ..."同样地,比丘们,戒除饮酒、放逸处的众生极少;而不戒除饮酒、放逸处的众生更多......"第四。
5. 水生经
1135. ..."同样地,比丘们,陆生众生极少;而水生众生更多。这是为什么呢......"第五。
6. 孝顺母亲经
1136. ..."同样地,比丘们,孝顺母亲的众生极少;而不孝顺母亲的众生更多......"第六。
7. 孝顺父亲经
1137. ..."同样地,比丘们,孝顺父亲的众生极少;而不孝顺父亲的众生更多......"第七。
8. 尊重沙门经
1138. ..."同样地,比丘们,尊重沙门的众生极少;而不尊重沙门的众生更多......"第八。
9. 尊重婆罗门经
1139. ..."同样地,比丘们,尊重婆罗门的众生极少;而不尊重婆罗门的众生更多......"第九。
10. 尊敬长者经
1140. ..."同样地,比丘们,尊敬家中长者的众生极少;而不尊敬家中长者的众生更多......"第十。
第一生谷重说品第七
其摘要如下:
他处、边地、智慧,酒和水,
孝顺母亲和父亲,尊重沙门、婆罗门和长者。
8. 第二生谷重说品
1. 杀生经
1141. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除杀生的众生极少;而不戒除杀生的众生更多。这是为什么呢?......"第一。
2. 偷盗经
1142. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除偷盗的众生极少;而不戒除偷盗的众生更多......"第二。
3. 邪淫经
1143. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除邪淫的众生极少;而不戒除邪淫的众生更多......"第三。
4. 妄语经
1144. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除妄语的众生极少;而不戒除妄语的众生更多......"第四。
5. 两舌经
1145. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除两舌的众生极少;而不戒除两舌的众生更多......"第五。
6. 恶口经
1146. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除恶口的众生极少;而不戒除恶口的众生更多......"第六。
7. 绮语经
1147. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除绮语的众生极少;而不戒除绮语的众生更多......"第七。
8. 伤害种子和植物经
1148. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除伤害种子和植物的众生极少;而不戒除伤害种子和植物的众生更多......"第八。
9. 非时食经
1149. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除非时食的众生极少;而不戒除非时食的众生更多......"第九。
10. 香料装饰经
1150. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除使用花环、香料、装饰品的众生极少;而不戒除使用花环、香料、装饰品的众生更多......"第十。
第二生谷重说品第八
其摘要如下:
杀生、偷盗、邪淫,妄语和两舌,
恶口、绮语,种子、非时食和香料。
9. 第三生谷重说品
1. 歌舞经

1151. …Pe… .

‘‘Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye naccagītavāditavisūkadassanā appaṭiviratā. Taṃ kissa hetu…pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Uccāsayanasuttaṃ

1152. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye uccāsayanamahāsayanā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Jātarūparajatasuttaṃ

1153. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye jātarūparajatapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Āmakadhaññasuttaṃ

1154. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye āmakadhaññapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

5. Āmakamaṃsasuttaṃ

1155. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye āmakamaṃsapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

6. Kumārikasuttaṃ

1156. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā [itthikumārikāpaṭiggahaṇā (ka.)] paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye itthikumārikapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7. Dāsidāsasuttaṃ

1157. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā [dāsīdāsapaṭiggahaṇā (syā. kaṃ. pī.)] paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye dāsidāsapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Sattamaṃ.

8. Ajeḷakasuttaṃ

1158. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye ajeḷakapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Aṭṭhamaṃ.

9. Kukkuṭasūkarasuttaṃ

1159. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kukkuṭasūkarapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Navamaṃ.

10. Hatthigavassasuttaṃ

1160. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā [hatthigavassavaḷavāpaṭiggahaṇā (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye hatthigavassavaḷavapaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dasamaṃ.

Tatiyaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo navamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Naccaṃ sayanaṃ rajataṃ, dhaññaṃ maṃsaṃ kumārikā;

Dāsī ajeḷakañceva, kukkuṭasūkarahatthīti.

10. Catutthaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo

1. Khettavatthusuttaṃ

1161. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye khettavatthupaṭiggahaṇā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Kayavikkayasuttaṃ

1162. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye kayavikkayā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye kayavikkayā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Dūteyyasuttaṃ

1163. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye dūteyyapahinagamanānuyogā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye dūteyyapahinagamanānuyogā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

4. Tulākūṭasuttaṃ

1164. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tulākūṭakaṃsakūṭamānakūṭā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Catutthaṃ.

5. Ukkoṭanasuttaṃ

1165. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā [ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāviyogā (syā. kaṃ. pī. ka.)] paṭiviratā; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye ukkoṭanavañcananikatisāciyogā appaṭiviratā…pe…. Pañcamaṃ.

6-11. Chedanādisuttaṃ

1166-

1151. ......
"同样地,比丘们,戒除观看歌舞音乐表演的众生极少;而不戒除观看歌舞音乐表演的众生更多。这是为什么呢......"第一。
2. 高大床座经
1152. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除使用高大床座的众生极少;而不戒除使用高大床座的众生更多......"第二。
3. 金银经
1153. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受金银的众生极少;而不戒除接受金银的众生更多......"第三。
4. 生谷经
1154. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受生谷的众生极少;而不戒除接受生谷的众生更多......"第四。
5. 生肉经
1155. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受生肉的众生极少;而不戒除接受生肉的众生更多......"第五。
6. 妇女少女经
1156. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受妇女少女的众生极少;而不戒除接受妇女少女的众生更多......"第六。
7. 奴婢经
1157. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受奴婢的众生极少;而不戒除接受奴婢的众生更多......"第七。
8. 羊羔经
1158. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受羊羔的众生极少;而不戒除接受羊羔的众生更多......"第八。
9. 鸡猪经
1159. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受鸡猪的众生极少;而不戒除接受鸡猪的众生更多......"第九。
10. 象马经
1160. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受象马的众生极少;而不戒除接受象马的众生更多......"第十。
第三生谷重说品第九
其摘要如下:
歌舞、床座、金银,谷物、肉、少女,
奴婢和羊羔,鸡猪和象马。
10. 第四生谷重说品
1. 田地经
1161. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除接受田地的众生极少;而不戒除接受田地的众生更多......"第一。
2. 买卖经
1162. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除买卖的众生极少;而不戒除买卖的众生更多......"第二。
3. 信使经
1163. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除从事信使工作的众生极少;而不戒除从事信使工作的众生更多......"第三。
4. 欺诈经
1164. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除使用欺诈性秤、钵、尺寸的众生极少;而不戒除使用欺诈性秤、钵、尺寸的众生更多......"第四。
5. 贿赂经
1165. ......"同样地,比丘们,戒除贿赂、欺骗、诈骗、伪造的众生极少;而不戒除贿赂、欺骗、诈骗、伪造的众生更多......"第五。
6-11. 砍杀等经
1166-

1171. …Pe… evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā [sāhasākārā (ka.)] paṭiviratā ; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye chedanavadhabandhanaviparāmosaālopasahasākārā appaṭiviratā . Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa…pe… dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha, bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Ekādasamaṃ.

Catutthaāmakadhaññapeyyālavaggo dasamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Khettaṃ kāyaṃ dūteyyañca, tulākūṭaṃ ukkoṭanaṃ;

Chedanaṃ vadhabandhanaṃ, viparālopaṃ sāhasanti.

11. Pañcagatipeyyālavaggo

1. Manussacutinirayasuttaṃ

1172. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsuṃ āropetvā bhikkhū āmantesi – ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamaṃ nu kho bahutaraṃ – yo vāyaṃ mayā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito, ayaṃ vā mahāpathavī’’ti? ‘‘Etadeva, bhante, bahutaraṃ, yadidaṃ – mahāpathavī; appamattakāyaṃ bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito. Saṅkhampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti mahāpathaviṃ upanidhāya bhagavatā paritto nakhasikhāyaṃ paṃsu āropito’’ti. Evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye manussā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe…. Paṭhamaṃ.

2. Manussacutitiracchānasuttaṃ

1173. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye manussā cutā tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe…. Dutiyaṃ.

3. Manussacutipettivisayasuttaṃ

1174. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye manussā cutā pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Tatiyaṃ.

4-5-6. Manussacutidevanirayādisuttaṃ

1175-1177. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye manussā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye manussā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Chaṭṭhaṃ.

7-9. Devacutinirayādisuttaṃ

1178-1180. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye devā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye devā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Navamaṃ.

10-12. Devamanussanirayādisuttaṃ

1181-1183. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye devā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye devā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Dvādasamaṃ.

13-15. Nirayamanussanirayādisuttaṃ

1184-1186. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye nirayā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye nirayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Pannarasamaṃ.

16-18. Nirayadevanirayādisuttaṃ

1187-1189. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye nirayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye nirayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Aṭṭhārasamaṃ.

19-21. Tiracchānamanussanirayādisuttaṃ

1190-1192. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Ekavīsatimaṃ.

22-24. Tiracchānadevanirayādisuttaṃ

1193-1195. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye tiracchānayoniyā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Catuvīsatimaṃ.

25-

1171. ..."比丘们,同样地,很少有众生远离砍杀、捆绑、掠夺、抢劫和暴力行为;相反,更多的众生不远离砍杀、捆绑、掠夺、抢劫和暴力行为。这是什么原因呢?比丘们,因为没有看到四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛...乃至...导向苦灭的道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力[了知]'这是苦'...乃至...应当努力[了知]'这是导向苦灭之道'。"第十一。
第十章 生谷品结束。
其摘要:
田地、身体、使者、
秤、贿赂、
砍杀、捆绑、
掠夺、抢劫。
11. 五趣品
1. 人死堕地狱经
1172. 这时,世尊用指甲挑起一点泥土,对比丘们说:"比丘们,你们认为哪个更多 - 我用指甲挑起的这一点泥土,还是这大地?"[比丘们回答:]"尊者,大地更多;世尊用指甲挑起的泥土很少。与大地相比,世尊用指甲挑起的泥土不及百分之一,不及千分之一,不及十万分之一。"[世尊说:]"同样地,比丘们,从人道死后再生为人的众生很少;相反,从人道死后再生到地狱的众生更多...。"第一。
2. 人死堕畜生经
1173. ..."同样地,比丘们,从人道死后再生为人的众生很少;相反,从人道死后再生到畜生道的众生更多...。"第二。
3. 人死堕饿鬼经
1174. ..."同样地,比丘们,从人道死后再生为人的众生很少;相反,从人道死后再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第三。
4-5-6. 人死生天堕地狱等经
1175-1177. ..."同样地,比丘们,从人道死后再生到天界的众生很少;相反,从人道死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第六。
7-9. 天人死堕地狱等经
1178-1180. ..."同样地,比丘们,从天界死后再生到天界的众生很少;相反,从天界死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第九。
10-12. 天人死生人堕地狱等经
1181-1183. ..."同样地,比丘们,从天界死后再生为人的众生很少;相反,从天界死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第十二。
13-15. 地狱众生死生人堕地狱等经
1184-1186. ..."同样地,比丘们,从地狱死后再生为人的众生很少;相反,从地狱死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第十五。
16-18. 地狱众生死生天堕地狱等经
1187-1189. ..."同样地,比丘们,从地狱死后再生到天界的众生很少;相反,从地狱死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第十八。
19-21. 畜生死生人堕地狱等经
1190-1192. ..."同样地,比丘们,从畜生道死后再生为人的众生很少;相反,从畜生道死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第二十一。
22-24. 畜生死生天堕地狱等经
1193-1195. ..."同样地,比丘们,从畜生道死后再生到天界的众生很少;相反,从畜生道死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第二十四。
25-

27. Pettimanussanirayādisuttaṃ

1196-1198. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā manussesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe… pettivisaye paccājāyanti…pe…. Sattavīsatimaṃ.

28-29. Pettidevanirayādisuttaṃ

1199-1200. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā niraye paccājāyanti…pe… evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā tiracchānayoniyā paccājāyanti…pe…. Ekūnatiṃsatimaṃ.

30. Pettidevapettivisayasuttaṃ



25-27. 饿鬼死生人堕地狱等经
1196-1198. ..."同样地,比丘们,从饿鬼道死后再生为人的众生很少;相反,从饿鬼道死后再生到地狱的众生更多...再生到畜生道的众生更多...再生到饿鬼道的众生更多...。"第二十七。
28-29. 饿鬼死生天堕地狱等经
1199-1200. ..."同样地,比丘们,从饿鬼道死后再生到天界的众生很少;相反,从饿鬼道死后再生到地狱的众生更多...同样地,比丘们,从饿鬼道死后再生到天界的众生很少;相反,从饿鬼道死后再生到畜生道的众生更多...。"第二十九。
30. 饿鬼死生天堕饿鬼经


1201. …Pe… ‘‘evameva kho, bhikkhave, appakā te sattā ye pettivisayā cutā devesu paccājāyanti; atha kho eteva bahutarā sattā ye pettivisayā cutā pettivisaye paccājāyanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Adiṭṭhattā bhikkhave, catunnaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ. Katamesaṃ catunnaṃ ? Dukkhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhasamudayassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhassa ariyasaccassa, dukkhanirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ariyasaccassa’’.

‘‘Tasmātiha , bhikkhave, ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yogo karaṇīyo, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yogo karaṇīyo’’ti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Tiṃsatimaṃ.

Pañcagatipeyyālavaggo ekādasamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Manussato cutā chāpi, devā cutā nirayato;

Tiracchānapettivisayā, tiṃsamatto gativaggoti.

Saccasaṃyuttaṃ dvādasamaṃ.

Mahāvaggo pañcamo.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Maggabojjhaṅgaṃ satiyā, indriyaṃ sammappadhānaṃ;

Baliddhipādānuruddhā, jhānānāpānasaṃyutaṃ;

Sotāpatti saccañcāti, mahāvaggoti vuccatīti.

Mahāvaggasaṃyuttapāḷi niṭṭhitā.

1201. ..."同样地,比丘们,从饿鬼道死后再生到天界的众生很少;相反,从饿鬼道死后再生到饿鬼道的众生更多。这是什么原因呢?比丘们,因为没有看到四圣谛。哪四种?苦圣谛、苦集圣谛、苦灭圣谛、导向苦灭的道圣谛。"
"因此,比丘们,应当努力[了知]'这是苦',应当努力[了知]'这是苦的起因',应当努力[了知]'这是苦的止息',应当努力[了知]'这是导向苦灭之道'。"世尊如是说。那些比丘对世尊所说欢喜信受。第三十。
第十一章 五趣品结束。
其摘要:
从人死去六种,从天死去,从地狱,
从畜生、饿鬼道,共三十种趣品。
第十二 谛相应结束。
第五 大品。
其摘要:
道、觉支、念处、
根、正勤、
神足、阿那律、
禅那、入出息相应、
预流、谛,称为大品。
大品相应结束。


